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MACRO AND MICRO STRUCTURE OF ORAL TISSUE OF OCF ORGANS - Coggle Diagram
MACRO AND MICRO STRUCTURE OF ORAL TISSUE OF OCF ORGANS
EXTERNAL ORAL CAVITY
ANATOMICAL STUCTURES
LIPS
Upper and lower lip
Surrounds the opening of the oral cavity
Surrounds the opening of the oral cavity
STRUCTURE
Vermillion zone, red area of the lip demarcated from the skin of the face
Vermillion border, rim of paler skin that surround the vermillion zone
Sulcus mentolabialis separates the lower chinf from the lips
Sulcus nasolabialis separates the cheek from the upper lip
Philtrum is the depressed area located between the nose and the vermillion border of the upper lip
Philtrum ridge are borders of the philtrum
Vestibule is the region between lips/cheek and cheeks/teeth
Labial fissure is the slit-like space between
the lips
CHEEKS
Located between the labial commissure and the mucosa overlying the ramus
of the mandible
Muscular skeleton composed of buccinator m.
Defines the eye (superior), ears (lateral), nose (medial), and jawline (inferior)
Contains mucus-secreting glands
Vestibule continues posteriorly
STRUCTURE
Infraorbital subunit is a very thin skin with little
laxity
Zygomatic subunit is defined by the
zygomatic complex
Parotidomasseteric subunit corresponds to
the underlying parotid gland
Buccal subunit is thick and mobile
Nasolabial subunit is thick and mobile
REGIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY
ORAL VESTIBULE
Horseshoe-shaped situated anteriorly
Situated between the lips/ cheeks and the gums/teeth
Controlled by the orbicularis oris
Connects posteriorly to the oral cavity proper
STRUCTURES
Teeth are divided into four quadrants
Mucobuccal folds are formed by the oral mucosa; passes the mandible or maxilla to the cheek
Labial frenum m is a band of fibroelastic tissue
Tonsil is a fleshy pad at each side of the back of the throat
Uvula made up of connective tissue; prevents food and liquids from going up the nose
ORAL CAVITY PROPER
Lies posteriorly to the vestibule
Tongue fills large portion
STRUCTURES
Soft palate is muscular; borders the roof of mouth; 1/3 of palate
Hard palate is bony; separate oral and nasal cavity; 2/3 of palate
Cheeks border is formed by buccinator m.
Floor border is made up of muscular diaphragm, geniohyoid muscle, tongue
Tongue is connected to the floor by the frenulum
Receives secretion from the submaxillary and sublingual glands
STRUCTURE OF THE TONGUE
DORSAL SURFACE
Oral portion occupies anterior 2/3
Pharyngeal portion occupies posterior 2/3
Sulcus seminalis, v-shaped groove posterior to the circumvallate papillae
Foramen cecum located at the angle of the v
Midline septum, fibrous tissue; separates tongue into halves
Lingual tonsils, large nodules of lymphatic tissue
Papillae of the oral portion, filiform; fungiform; foliate; circumvallate
Glossoepiglottic folds, mucous membranes
Palatoglossal arches, anterior pillar of fauces
Glands, numerous mucous and serous
VENTRAL SURFACE
Epithelium, nonkeratinized stratified squamous tissue; covers the ventral
surface
Lingual frenulum, midline fold of the tongue
Sublingual papilla, marks the
entrance of saliva from the submandibular glands
Plica fimbriata, fimbriated folds located lateral to the lingual frenulum
Deep lingual veins
EXTRINSIC MUSCLE
Genioglossus, protracts and depresses the tongue
Hyoglossus, depresses the tongue
Styloglossus, retracts and elevates the tongue
Palatoglossus, elevates the tongue; narrows the oropharyngeal isthmus for deglutition
INTRINSIC MUSCLE
Superior longitudinal, shorten and curls the
tongue’s apex upwards
Inferior longitudinal, shorten and curls the tongue’s apex downwards
Transverse, narrows and lengthens the tongue
Vertical, broadens and flatten the tongue
MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF TONGUE PAPILLAE
FILIFORM PAPILLAE
Slender, threadlike keratinized
extensions
Most numerous but lack taste buds
Gives tongue the rougned appearance
2-3 mm high
Facilitate mastication and movement
of food on the surface of the tongue
FUNGIFORM PAPILLA
Few in number, more numerous on the tip
Scattered throughout dorsum of the tongue
Contains taste buds
Covered by thin and nonkeratinized epithelium
Appear pink and reddish due to blood vessels near the surface
FOLIATE PAPILLA
Only 10-14 in number
Located along the v-shaped sulcus between the body and base of the tongue
Taste buds line the walls
Large, 3 mm in diameter
Contains opening of serous glands
CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE
Located on lateral posterior side of the tongue
Vertical grooves or furrows containing taste
buds
4-11 grooves in number
Contains opening of serous glands
MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF SALIVARY GLANDS
MUCOUS CELL
Tubular configuration
Mucous cells surround central lumen
End pieces come in the form of demilune (crescent) covering the mucous cells
Lack intercellular canaliculi
Apical cytoplasm carry large amount of mucous
Secretory granules appear swollen or fused
Posses large golgi complex
SEROUS CELL
Spherical
consists of 8-12 cells surrounding a central lumen
Pyramid-shaped,
Lumen is fingerlike and has extensions to adjacent cells
Luminal surface contains microvilli
Nucleus is spherical, located basally
Made up of secretory granules
Joined by tight junctions
Gap junction is present
STRUCTURE OF ORAL MUCOSA
Lines the oral cavity
Composed of stratified squamous epithelium
TYPES OF ORAL MUCOSA
LINING MUCOSA
Thick, made up of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Flexible surface
Covers the underside of the tongue, inside of lips, checks, floor of the mouth, alveolar
processes as far as the gingiva can move, and soft palate
Soft and moist
Lamina propria is smooth, thicker, and contain less collagen fibers
Elastic fibers restore mucosa into resting position after distention
MASTICATORY MUCOSA
Covers the immobile structure of the oral cavity
Moderately thick epithelium, orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Inextensible, able to withstand abrasion
Convoluted junction between epithelium and underlying lamina propria
Lamina propria is thick, containing dense collagen fibers
Submucosa is thin or absent
SPECIALIZED MUCOSA
Located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Some parts contain taste buds for sensory function
Anterior two thirds of the tongue is derived from 2st pharyngeal arch
Posterior third is derived from the 3rd pharyngeal arch
Contains nodules of lymphoid tissue, the lingual tonsils