Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Goal: clean water, cleaning, Actors, Does pollution leave a specific…
Goal: clean water
Types of Drinking Water Contaminants
https://www.epa.gov/ccl/types-drinking-water-contaminants
Chemical contaminants are elements or compounds. These contaminants may be naturally occurring or man-made. Examples of chemical contaminants include nitrogen, bleach, salts, pesticides, metals, toxins produced by bacteria, and human or animal drugs
Contaminants
Cadmium
Fecal Coliforms
Chromium
Iron
Mercury
Manganese
Nitrates
Lead
Overall measurements
Hardness
Alkalinity
Total dissolved solids
Conductivity
Flouride
Arsenic
Physical contaminants primarily impact the physical appearance or other physical properties of water. Examples of physical contaminants are sediment or organic material suspended in the water of lakes, rivers and streams from soil erosion.
Biological contaminants are organisms in water. They are also referred to as microbes or microbiological contaminants. Examples of biological or microbial contaminants include bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites.
Radiological contaminants are chemical elements with an unbalanced number of protons and neutrons resulting in unstable atoms that can emit ionizing radiation. Examples of radiological contaminants include cesium, plutonium and uranium.
complexcausality
Industry
Mining
arsenic
Lead
Mercury
Chromium
Potential Toxic Effects of Chromium
https://miningwatch.ca/sites/default/files/chromite_review.pdf
phosphorite mining
Agriculture
Agriculture—A River Runs Through It—The Connections
Between Agriculture and Water Quality
https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1433/cir1433.pdf
Nitrates
Pestisides
Pesticides in US Rivers: Regional differences in use, occurrence, and environmental toxicity, 2013 to 2017
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721022178?via%3Dihub
Is there an urban pesticide signature? Urban streams in five U.S. regions share common dissolved-phase pesticides but differ in predicted aquatic toxicity
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969721035257?via%3Dihub
phosphorus
Phosphate Fertilizers
Manufacturing (general)
Manganese
Cadmium
Iron
aluminium production
Flouride
dye and paint pigments
Livestock
Humans
Waste water
Fecal Coliforms
Poor plumbing infrastructure
Software that already exists (needs to be evaluated to see if it's actually useful)
RSparrow
https://code.usgs.gov/water/stats/rsparrow
cleaning
WHO threshold for goal setting
Natural systems for cleaning water
Artificial systems for cleaning water
Actors
Government
NGOs
Does pollution leave a specific signature that we can evaluate via water quality measurements?
Application of chemometrics in river water classification
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135405006883
How do we prioritize what kinds of pollution to prevent?
Parking lot: