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P2 and P3 - Mocks - Coggle Diagram
P2 and P3 - Mocks
L10 - Electrical Power
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The National Grid is a series of transformers and cables that 'distribute electricity' across the UK. A fuel station generates an high potential difference, step-up transformers increase this potential difference to maximise electrical power but reduce current as to avoid energy being lost as heat.
Step-down transformers decrease this potential difference so that it can be used domestically (230V).
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L9 - Mains Electricity
An alternating current is a current that switches direction at a given frequency. A direct current is bound by one direction.
The UK's mains electricity supply is a 50Hz, 230 Volts alternating current.
Within a plug, there are several components with individual purposes:
- Earth Wire - [Green and Yellow] - Grounds the current through a 'low resistance' path if there is a fault in the device.
- Neutral Wire - [Blue] - This wire simply completes the circuit.
- Live Wire - [Brown] - This wire has 230 Volts applied over it and is dangerous because of this.
- Fuse - This is a ceramic component that breaks the circuit if a fault causes too much current to flow.
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L1 - Calculating Density
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To calculate the density of an irregular shape, use an electronic balance to find the mass of your object. Fill a Eureka can with water, slowly submerge the object in the Eureka can; the volume of the water displaced by the object is the object's volume.
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L2 - Changing State
During a state change, the energy provided to a substance instead changes the potential store rather than the kinetic store.
L3 - Internal Energy
The internal energy of the particles is the sum of the kinetic energy they have due their individual motions relative to each other and the energy they have due to their individual positions relative to each other (sum of kinetic and potential).