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Autonomic nervous system - Coggle Diagram
Autonomic nervous system
Controlled by CNS
Hypothalamus:
- Intgeration + command center for autonomic function
- Involved in emotions
Brainstem (reticular formation):
- Contains major ANS reflex centers
Cerebrum:
- Conscious activity
- Affect hypothalamus control of ANS
Spinal cord:
- Contains ANS centers for defecation and urination
Are affected by
Hypothalamus communicates with:
- Cerebral cortex
- Thalamus
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
- Spinal cord
Brainstem nuclei in:
- Mesencephalon
- Pons
- Medulla
⬌ Mediate visceral reflex as:
- Lens, blood pressure, blood vessel, digestive activities, heart rate, pupil size
- Sensory processing in thalamus
- Emotional states controlled in the limbic system
⬌ Affect hypothalamus
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- Conscious activity in Cerebral cortex
- Subconscious communications between association areas in the cortex with centers of sympathetic and parasympathetic control in hypothalamus
Visceral sensory neurons:
- Strecht
- Temperature
- Chemicals changes
- Irritation within visceral organ
Brain interprets as:
- Feelings of hunger
- Fullness
- Pain
- Nausea
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Visceral pain
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Visceral structure of the trunk carried by C, A𝛼 or A𝛽 fibers
Peripheral terminals of these fibers are associated with Pacinian corpuscles that respond to:
- Excessive stretching of intestinal wall
- Lesion in the wall of gastrointestinal tract
- Muscle spasm
1) First order neurons in dorsal root ganglia
2) Dorsolateral fascicules (tract of Lissauer)
3) Dorsal horn and lateral gray matter of SC
From:
- Chemical irritation/Inflammation of visceral organ
- Spasms of smooth muscle (cramping)
- Excessive stretching
Fundamental types of visceral pain:
- Pure visceral
- Viscerosomatic (spread of disease to somatic structures)
- Visceral referred pain