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Italian and German unification - Coggle Diagram
Italian and German unification
Italian unification (1859–1870)
growth in nationalism
causes
successes
nationalism
Belgium
Grecee
liberalism
1848
failure of the Revolutions
King of Piedmont-Sardinia
Charles Albert
wanted to unite Italy
defeated by Austria
Congress of Vienna
left
Italian Peninsula
divided into seven states
some
under Austrian control
supporters
important figures
Napoleon III
King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia
his prime minister
Cavour
unification process
initiated by
Piedmont-Sardinia
tried to extend constitutional system
Cavour
Victor Emmanuel II
beggining
1859
Piedmontese
expelled Austrians from Lombardy
with help of Napoleon III
battles of
Magenta
Solferino
annexed
Tuscany
Modena
Parma
Italian nationalists
led by
Garibaldi
1860
conquered
the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
1870
Rome
occupied
annexed
1866
who?
Garibaldi
Piedmontese
took control of Venetia
after Austria had been defeated by Prussia
Italy
parliamentary monarchy
king
Victor Emmanuel II
capital
Rome
German unification (1866–1871)
factors
Nationalist ideas
popular
Revolution of 1848
Frankfurt Parliament
tried to create a unified state with universal manhood suffrage
opposition from
Austria
Prussia
after the Congress of Vienna
German Confederation
divided into 39 states
united by
federal Diet
dominated by Austria
1834
a customs union (the Zollverein)
encouraged
a political union
Otto von Bismarck
1862
named Chancellor of Prussia
started the process of unification
Prussia
strong monarchyl
arge army
developed economy
expelled the Austrians from the German Confederation
after the Battle of Sadowa in 1866
second phase
Bismarck defeated Napoleon III of France
Napoleon III
wanted to limit Prussian expasion
Prussia annexed Alsace-Lorraine from France
German princes decided to unite with Prussia
1871
Germany
Second Reich
Berlin became the capital
Wilhelm I became emperor
Consequences
European international relations
German Empire
Europe's dominant power
Austro-Hungarian Empire
lost
influence
power
where
Italy
Germany
France's defeat by Prussia
collapse of
Napoleon III's Second Empire
led to
the Third Republic
Russian Empire
expand towards the Balkans
gain access to the Mediterranean Sea
