Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE EARLY MODERN AGE, image, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle…
THE EARLY MODERN AGE
Economic transformation
Following the economic crisis and catastrophes
European societies began to experience a recovery
Reflected
Increased agricultural production
Increase
the amount of land under cultivation
No technological advances
The
three-field system
was maintained
Consist
Dividing the area of cultivated land
In three sections
Rotating the crops each year
On section was left
fallow
Uncultivated
For the land to rest and recover the nutrients.
Cereals
were the main crops
Main source of economic activity
Agriculture
Livestock farming
As a result
society was vulnerable
during the years of
Bad crops
Hunger
Disease reappeared
Intensified commercial activity
Increase
Agricultural production
Surplus
in production
An excess of food produced
Sold in the
city markets
The expansion of craftsmanship
products were made in workshops
controlled by associations of craftsmen
guilds
also made in people's homes
to meet growing demand
domestic system
was created
Meet growing demand
products were also made in people's homes
The domestic system was created
Merchants provided the families make the products
New products
brought to Europe
precious metals
foods
spices
The development of mercantile capitalism
economic system in which capital
belonged to private owners
members of the bourgeoisie
created trading companies
to generate profits
Economic growth in
banking
They started changing money
and looking after the money and precious metals of their clients.
Providing loans
bankers lent money in exchange
for returning de same amount plus an additional amonut
"interest"
Traders made large profits, bankers became rich
the most important bankers
The Medici (in Florence)
The Fugger family (in Germany)
Creating new forms of payment
The bill of exchange
was created
This was a document which guaranteed that the banker would pay
a merchant
another authorised person
a quantity of money
a specified date
at a specified place.
It wasn't longer necessary to travel with cash
Social change
Different social groups (
classes
)
Privileged class
Nobility
and
clergy
High political positions
Didn't pay taxes
castles (countryside)
palaces (city)
Unprivileged class
"
Commoners
"
Majority of the population
Paid taxes
Didn't have access to high political positions
Sub groups
Peasants
Largest group
Serfs of the feudal lord or noble
Went to the cities
more freedom
Bourgeoisie
City inhabitants
Not ruled by feudal lord
Sub groups
Upper bourgeoisie
Merchants
Bankers
Officials
Petite bourgeoisie
Artisans
Artists
Servants
Labourers
Beggar and vagabonds
Lived on charity
Some upper bourgeoisie
Became wealthier than the nobles themselves
As a result
Families from nobility
began marrying
into the richest families of bourgeoisie
