Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
EARLY MODERN AGES, three-field system, trade routes, spieces, bill of…
EARLY MODERN AGES
Definition
Began
1453
Fall of Constantinople
Ended
French revolution
1789
Important changes
political
economical
social
cultural
Economic Transformation
Intensified commercial activity
trade routes
land and sea
search of new markets
connected places
surplus
sold in city markets
excess of food
Expansion of crafsmanship
controlled by
assosiations called guild
workshp
Increased agricultural production
three-field system
rotate the crops each year
one section: fallow (uncultivated)
rest
recover the nutrients
divide the land into 3 sections
main crops: cereals
no technological advances
main source of economic activity
livestock farming
griculture
in years of bad crops reappeared
diseases
hunger
Recovery
Domestic system
Merchants provided families with
raw materials
tools
Economic Transformation 2
New products
foods
spices
precious metals, foods and spices
Development of mercantile capitalism
bourgeoisie
trading companies
capital belonged to private owners
Providing loans
he bankers lent money in exchange for returning the same amount plus an additional amount, called interest.
bankers became rich
merchants needed money
important banking families.
Fugger family in Germany
The Medici in Florence
vital role in the new system known as mercantile capitalism
Banking
changing money for precious metals
increase the range of services they offered
Creating new forms of payment
Bill of exchange
a quantity of money
a specified date and at a specified place
a document which guaranteed that the banker would pay a merchant
no longer necessary to travel with cash
was unsafe
Social Change
Social classes
unprivileged class
bourgeoisie
not ruled by a feudal lord
increased
wealthier
more political influence
city inhabitants
Petite bourgeoisie
largest group
lived in humble houses
small merchants
Upper bourgeoisie
lived in urban palaces
most powerful and influential group
important merchants
peasants
more freedom in cities
largest group
Paid taxes
Majority of population
beggar and vagabonds
lived on charity
marginalised social group
priviledged class
nobility and clergy
high political positions
owned most of the land
minoritary
privileges
didn´t pay taxes
lived in
castles in the countryside
palaces in the city
Some social groups protested for their rights
were severely suppressed
most violent: peasants
Developed
urban society
rural society
bourgeoisie gradually gained more rights
didn't reach the same level as the nobility
Catherine de Medici started the fashion of eating with a fork
Bad smells were neutralised with perfumes
Breast feeding was not socially acceptable
paid other women, called wet nurses
upper bourgeoisie
women from the nobility
:
