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6.4 & 6.5 - Coggle Diagram
6.4 & 6.5
Internal Energy
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Internal energy is the sum of kinetic energy and individual energy due to their individual motions and positions to each other
Internal energy is the energy stored by the particles of a substance. It's the energy of the particles caused by their individual motions and positions
Ex: When we heat water, the molecules in water gains energy (internal energy) and move faster as the temperature keeps rising. When the water boils, it means that the molecules have gained enough energy to separate from each other and turn into water vapor
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Comparing the particles of solid, liquid, and gas
Solid
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When a solid is heated, the particles' energy stored increases and vibrate more
If the solid is heated enough, it melts or sublimate because the particles gained enough energy to break from the structure
Liquid
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Forces of attraction is strong enough to stop the particles from moving away from each other completely at the surface
If the liquid is heated enough, the particles gain enough energy to break away from other particles
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Molecules in water
Gas
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The particles move at a high speed in random directions, coliding with each other and the internal surface of their container
The pressure of the gas coliding with a solid surface is caused by the force of impact of the gas particles with the surface
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Gas molecules in a box
Specific Latent Heat
Latent heat of fusion
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Specific latent heat of fusion is the energy to change the state of 1kg of the substance from solid to liquid at its melting point (without changing its temperature)
Specifuc latent heat of fusion is equal to energy (E) transferred to a solid at its melting point divide by mass (m) of the substance melts without change in temperature:
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