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DPT Equines 🐴 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Histopath
  - - - Vit E / Se deficiency
      - Polysaccharide storage myopathy
      - Ionophore toxicity
- - - - Severe fibrinonecrotic enteritis
      - Serosal petechiae and Ecchymosis
      - Necrohaemorrhagic colitis
      - Splenomegaly, white and Red pulp
      - oedematous hemorrhagic lymph nodes
      - Granulmatous Bronchopneumonia (Fungi-Immune suppression)
      - Purulent meningitis
    - - Actinobacillus equi
      - Rotavirus
      - E.coli
      - Clostridum Perfringens C. Difficile
      - Rhodococcus Equi
      - Vermanosis, Giardia
    - - Histopathology
        
        intestine, spleen, lymph node, liver
      - Bacterial culture
        
        Bacteriology Lab at UP
        
        Intestine, spleen, lymph node, liver
  - - - Multifocal to coalescing pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia
      - Ulcerative colitis
      - Typhlitis
    - - Streptococcus zooepidemicus
      - Actinobacillus equli
      - Mycobacterium
    - - Bacterial culture (Aerobic) of lung, intestine, spleen to Bacteriology lab at UP
      - PCR of lung to MDS in Durban
      - Histopath
  - - - Tests
        
        Histopathology
        
        Bacterial Culture (Aerobic) of intestine, spleen, lungs to UP Bacteriology lab
    - - Multifocal purulent glomerulonephritis
      - Interstitial pneumonia, multifocal haemorrhage, embolic pneumonia
      - Joints, Lungs, Kidney, Heart
      - Fibrinous polyarthritis
    - - Streptococcus
      - E coli
      - Klebsiella
  - - - Bleeding from orifices
      - Ventral Swelling
      - +-Enlarged spleen, Congestion, Pulmonary Oedema
    - - Clostridium (Pathogenic / PM)
    - - Blood smear: Giemsa preferable
      - Tissue smear
      - Bacterial culture (Aerobe) of ANYTHING (blood, fluid, tissue, ear) to Bacteriology lab at UP / OVI
- - - - PCR of brain, spinal chord, spleen: CVZ (Centre for viral zoonoses) at UP (Medical campus) or the OVI
      - Histopath
    - - Not many macropath lesions seen (Clinical Signs NB- neurological, paralysis)
      - Spinal chord haemorrhage & oedema
      - +- Pulmonary oedema, congestion
  - - - Generalised oedema supraorbital, chemosis, SC/IM oedema, hydrothorax, hydropericardium
      - Severe diffuse high protein pulmonary oedema
      - Epicardial haemorrhage, endocardial haemorrhage, Petechiae on serosa of intestines, glandular mucosal hyperaemia
    - - PCR to ERC / OVI
      - Immunohistochemistry to Histopathology Lab at the Section of Pathology, UP
  - - - Icterus
      - Moderate Hydrothorax
      - Severe diffuse pulmonary oedema
      - Multiple petechiae & ecchymoses
      - abortions, not still born or neonate death (foal close to weaning)
    - - PCR of lung, liver, spleen to ERC / OVI
        
        Immunohistochemistry to Histopathology Lab at the Section of Pathology, UP
    - - Scepticaemia
      - Theileria equi
      - Babesia caballi
      - Iso-imuune erythrolysis
      - AHSV
- - - - Leukoencephalomalacia (may not visible on macro)
    - - Suggestive: Histopath
      - Confirmatory: Testing feed for mycotoxins
    - - Pyrrolizdine Alkaloid Tox
      - Aflatoxins
      - Blue Green Algae Toxicosis
  - - - Hepatic necrosis
      - Hepatic fibrosis
    - - Aflatoxicosis
      - Fumonisin, Fusarium Spp,
      - Blue-green algae (microcystis spp.)
    - - Histopathology (suggestive) Liver
      - test feed @ ARC-OVR
      - Farm investigation
- - - - Extravascular haemolysis
        
        Icterus
      - also affects lymphocytes and RBCs
    - - haemoglobinuria
        
        Intravascular and extravascular haemolysis
    - - Adult
        
        EEV
        
        Renal Failure
      - Foal
        
        Haemolytic Bacterial Scepticaemia
        
        Iso-immune Erythrosis
        
        EHV
    - - Anemia (pale MM)
      - Icterus
      - Splemomegaly (red pulp hyperplasia)
      - Bone marrow hyperplasia
      - Red stained kidney medulla (haemoglobinuria)
    - - Blood smear
      - Impression smear of spleen
      - PCR of spleen send to Equine Research Center
- - - - Cranial mesenteric thromboarteritis
      - Small Intestinal
      - Cranial Mesenenteric Artery aneurysm
      - Suggestive: Haemomelesma illei
      - Illeal muscular hypertrophy
    - - Macropath
      - Strongylid ova on float