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SPP work packages HU Berlin MvB, WP2: impact of soil conditions on …

- - - - from sandy
        low pH
        low organic carbon (OC)
      - to aggregated
        higher pH
        higher OC
    - - unfertilized
      - farmyard
        manure
        (FYM)
    - - nematode
        analysis by
        HU Berlin
    - - cellulose
      - no substrate
    - - c_mic
      - PLFA
      - heat
- - - - nematode
        composition
        analyzed
  - - - processing
        within 24 h
        
        analysis:
        effects of
        variables on
        nematode...
        
        community
        structure
        
        counting +
        trophic groups
        
        species
        (or genus)
        
        trophic
        diversity
        
        Shannon-Wiener
        diversity index H'
        H'=-SUM(p_i ln p_i)
        
        p_i = proportion of
        i^th taxon in sample
        
        Trophic
        diversity T
        T = (1 / SUM pi^2)
        pi = proportion of
        trophic group in
        community
        
        metabolic
        footprint
        F
        F = P + R
        
        trohic
        carbon
        flux
        
        nematode
        biomass
        
        production
        component
        P
        
        1 more item...
        
        C biomass
        
        activity
        --> respiration
        
        respiration
        component
        R
        
        1 more item...
        
        indicates
        
        enrichment footprint
        
        --> represents ecosystem service of nutrient mineralization
        responsiveness to rescource pulses
        those nematodes that respond rapid to resource enrichment
        
        structure footprint
        
        impact on higher trophic levels
        that perform regulatory functions
        
        functional footprint
        
        overall food web response
        total area of enrichment & structure index
        
        herbivore, bacterial, fungal footprint
        
        C and energy fluxes through h/b/f channel
        
        composite footprint
        
        entire metabolic response of
        complete nematode assemblage
        
        nematode
        extraction &
        fixed in
        4 % formaldehyde,
        then...
- - - - different
        succession
        of microbes
        & grazers
  - - - nematode
        analysis
- - - - cellulose
      - no substrate
    - - 7 °C
        pF 2.5
      - 20 °C
        pF 4.2
      - 20 °C
        pF 2.5
    - - moisture
        
        mobility
      - temperature
        
        population
        dynamics
        
        reproduction
        
        metabolic
        rate
    - - complete
        C & energy
        fluxes in
        biomass &
        necromass
        
        90 samples
        3 boundary conditions x
        2 substrates x
        5 time points x
        3 replicates +
        3 samples day 0
        
        nematode
        analysis
- - - - maize
        litter
        
        labeled
        
        unlabeled
      - inoculation
        
        myxobacteria
        = 'pack hunters'
        
        bacterial-feeding
        nematodes
        Acrobeloides buetschlii
        
        myxobacteria &
        bacterial feeding
        nematodes
      - same time points,
        conditions &
        replicates as WP1.1
    - - synthetic microbial
        community
        
        Braunschweig (DSMZ;
        Prof. Prester)
        
        6x acidobacteria
        8x alphaproteobacteria
        2x betaproteobacteria
        1x gammaproteobacterium
        1x deltaproteobacterium
        5x actiobacteria
        2x bacteriodetes
        3x verrucomicrobia
        1x chloroflexi
        2x fungi
        1x ascomycete
        1x basidiocete
      - microbial grazers
        
        inoculation of A. buetschlii
        --> natural density of
        bacteriophage nematodes
        
        counted;
        genus +
        trophic group
        
        Greifswald (UG;
        Prof. Ulrich)
        
        myxobacteria inoculation:
        Haliangium ochraceum
        Chondromyces robustus
        Myxococcus virescens
- - - - thermodynamics
        / calorimetry
        
        subsamples
        of Berlin
        microcosms:
        4 g FW soil
        20 °C
        
        72 samples
        --> Halle (UFZ;
        Dr. Blagodatskaya)
        
        8 channel
        TAM AIR
        isothermal
        calorimeter
        
        analysis of
        conversion &
        exploitation of
        matter in
        microcosms
        
        proxy for microbial activity
        --> energy use efficiency
        --> C use efficiency (CUE)
        by relating heat to CO2
      - methods
        
        microcosms
        in Percival
        CO2 400ppm?
        or 0ppm?:warning:
        
        108 samples:
        3 replicates x 3 litter
        x 4 days x 3 nematodes
        & 3 samples: day 0
        
        mibrobial biomass (C_mic) &
        13C_mic
        
        estimation by
        chloroform-
        fumigation-
        extraction
        using 0.5 M K2SO4
        or 0.01 M CaCl2
        as extractant
        --> C_mic = 0.45
        
        supernatants
        of fumigated &
        non-fumigated
        samples are
        extracted in RVC
        
        1 more item...
        
        C pool
        
        1M KOH in microcosm vial
        3 ml are saturated with SrCl2
        --> SrCO3 (precipitates) + KCl
        --> titration with 0.1M HCl
        --> CO2
        
        d13C signature of CO2
        
        1 more item...
        
        CO2
        [mg /
        100 g DW x h^-1]
        
        1 more item...
        
        50 g
        Dikopshof
        soil
        D-FYM
        
        replicates
        
        3
        
        treatments
        
        maize litter
        
        no amendment
        
        1 more item...
        
        unlabeled maize
        
        1 more item...
        
        13C labeled maize
        
        nematode
        inoculation
        
        fungivores
        
        1 more item...
        
        bacterivores
        
        1 more item...
        
        none
        
        surface sterilized with 0.01% mercuric chloride
        prior to inoculation
        
        natural density in dried soil is
        determined prior to inoculation
        
        destructive
        sampling
        
        day 32
        
        day 16
        
        day 8
        
        day 4
        
        day 0
        
        soil
        conditions
        
        20 °C
        
        bulk density 1.0-1.2 g/cm³
        
        water potential pF 2.5
        
        density & structure
        of microbial grazers
        
        subsamples:
        10 g soil (FW)
        --> nematode
        extraction,
        fixation in 4%
        formaldehyde
        
        counted;
        genus +
        trophic group
      - structure &
        function of
        microbial
        communities
        
        functional groups
        of microorganisms
        
        Greifswald (UG;
        Prof. Ulrich)
        
        quantitative double-RNA
        metatranscriptomics
        --> mRNA + rRNA
        
        prokaryotes, fungi,
        protists, nematodes,
        protozoa & viruses
        
        ((Müncheberg (ZALF;
        Prof. Kolb)))
        
        metabolic degredation repertoire,
        energy metabolism +
        genetic indication for predation
        
        DNA-SIP +
        metagenomics
        
        bacteria,
        archaea,
        fungi
        
        abundance of
        bacteria,
        archaea & fungi
        
        Braunschweig (DSMZ;
        Prof. Prester)
        
        DNA + RNA
        analysis of
        4 g soil (FW)
        
        bacterial &
        archaeal
        qPCR of
        16S rRNA
        
        fungal ITS
        amplicon sequencing
      - microbial growth
        
        total & microbial
        group specific
        biomass
        
        soil
        PLFAs
        
        8 g soil
        (FW)
        
        modified
        Frostegard
        PLFA extraction
        --> FAMEs
        
        Sherlock
        MIDI
        identification
        
        1 more item...
        
        independent of
        added substrate
        
        Leipzig (UFZ;
        Dr. Richnow)
        
        labeled water:
        2H2 O / H2 18O
        
        quantification of
        growth to CO2
        (mineralization)
        & transformation
        of substrate
        into biomass
        
        involvement of
        SOM
        (necromass)
        
        1 more item...
      - modelling
        
        Hohenheim (HOH;
        Dr. Blagodatsky)
        
        NiCa-Model:
        microbial growth
        turnover in
        microcosms
        
        estimation of
        CUE linked to
        microbial
        population
        dynamics
        
        major C pools,
        C flux to higher
        trophic levels,...
        from HU to HOH!