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ALCOHOL, PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS, 8P+12R - Coggle Diagram
ALCOHOL
REACTION WITH SODIUM
Alcohol + Oxidizing agent --> Ketone + Water
OXIDATION
Primary Alcohol
Alcohol + Oxidizing agent --> Aldehyde + Water
Observations:
If KMnO4 is used as oxidizing agent, color will turn from purple to colorless. If K2Cr2O7 is used, it will turn from orange to green.
Tertiary Alcohol
No Reaction
Secondary Alcohol
Alcohol + Oxidizing agent --> Ketone + Water
DEHYDRATION
Catalyst:
Hot Al2O3 Powder and Concentrated acid
Alcohol --> Alkene + Water
ESTERIFICATION
Conditions and Catalyst:
Heated under reflux, Strong acids used as catalyst (H2SO4)
SUBSTITUTION
With SOCl2
Conditions:
RTP and Steamy fumes
With PCl3
Condition:
Reflux
Observations:
Red phosphorus and Halides
with HX
Conditions and catalyst:
Reflux and concentrated acid
With PCl5
Conditions and Observations:
RTP and steamy fumes
COMBUSTION
Complete Combustion
Incomplete Combustion
PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS
Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane
Reduction of an aldehyde
Reduction of a ketone
Reduction of a carboxylic acid
Oxidation of alkenes with cold KMnO4 (aq)
Electrophilic addition of steam
Acid hydrolysis of an ester ethyl ethanoate
Alkali hydrolysis of ethyl ethanoate
8P+12R