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Nervous System: Iara Garro Period One - Coggle Diagram

- - - - CNS: braiin/spinal cord of dorsal body cavity
      - PNS: nervous sustem outside CNS; nerves that connect from spinal cord-brain; consists of spinal nerves to/from spinal cord and cranial nerves going to/from brain
- - - - Spinal cord, pons, medulla, cerebellum, midbrain, diencephalon, cerebral hemispheres
        
        Cerebral hemispheres: superior part of brain, 3 regions= cerebral cortex (conscious mind), white matter, basal nuclei
        
        Cerebral cortex: 40% brain, 3 functional areas: motor, sensory, and association areas
  - - - Sensory (afferent) division: somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers; conduct the impulses from receptors to the CNS
      - Motor (efferent) division: motor nerve fibers conduct impulses from CNS to effectors, which is muscles and glands
        
        Autonomic Nervous System: visceral (involuntary, automatic) motor nerve fibers; impulses conducted from the CNS to cardiac/smooth muscles and glands
        
        Sympathetic Division: mobilizes biody systems during activity
        
        Parasympathetic Division: conserves energy; promotes "housekeeping" when resting
        
        Somatic Nervous System: somatic (voluntary) motor nerve fibers; CNS impulses conducted to skeletal muscles
- - - - Maxillary: sensory info about mid-face (zygomatic, upper lip, nose)
      - Mandibular: controls jaw and ear muscle movement; and communicates info about lower face (chin, lower lip, ear)
      - Ophthalamic: relays info about upper face (upper eyelids, scalp, and forehead)
- - - - fight/flight system, vigorous [
    - - Energy use is lowered, directs digestion, distress, and defecation
- - - - Symptoms: flapping, mental state deteriorates; 15 years is max
- - - - 4 major regions: cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum
        
        Brainstem: Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongota
        
        Pons: separated by 4th ventricle
        
        Medulla oblongota: 4th ventricle; forms ventral wall with pons; is made of spinal cord and foramen magnum, meaning chloroid plexus (csf) is there
        
        Midbrain: cerebral penduncles that uphold cerebrum; contains cerebral aqueduct connecting 3rd and 4th ventricle
        
        Midbrain nuclei: corpora quadrigemina: superior/inferior colliculi (1st is visual reflex center, 2nd= auditory reflex center); 2nd nuclei= substantia migra- basal nuclei
        
        cerebellum: 11% of brain with grey matter cortex; has cerebrellr hemispheres with wormlike vermis and arbor vitae
        
        dienchephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
        
        Hypothalamus: emotional and visceral function; forms walls of third ventricle with mammillary bodies (anterior relay station for nuclei), infundibulum (pitutitary gland connection)
        
        Thalamus: relay station for cortex info; impulses from hypothalamus, cerebellum, memory, sensors
        
        Epithalamus: 3rd ventricle roof; pineal gland secreting melatonin
        
        Cerebral hemispheres regions (3): cerebral cortex aka grey matter, 2) white matter (internal), and 3) basal nuclei (within white matter)
        
        Hemispheres control: left: language, math, logic, right= intuition, emotion, artistic
        
        Cerebral cortex: conscious mind, 40% brain, executive site, awareness, sensory perception, voluntary motor initiation, communication, memory storage, understanding; motor areas, sensory areas, assocational areas all functional areas;
        
        frontal lobe (primary motor cortex, precentral gyrus), broca's area (anterior to premotor area) , frontal eye field (within anterior premotor cortex
- - - - Bipolar: axon+ single dendrite; 2 processes
      - Unipolar: 2 axons, T-process
      - Multipolar: axon+dendrites; 3+ processes
    - - Interneuron: association neurons between motor/sensory neurons; shuttle signals through CNS patterns; 99% body
      - Sensory neuron: Uniplolar; transmit impulse sensory receptor to CNS, cell in PNS ganglia
      - Motor neuron: carry CNS impulses to effectors; multipolar; CNS cell bodies multiply