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TOPIC 2 ATOMIC STRUCTURE - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 2 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
understand
Atoms contain a dense positively charged nucleus which (except for hydrogen) is composed of protons and neutrons (nucleons).
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important
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In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The opposite charges of the proton and electron cancel out, leaving the atom electrically neutral with no overall charge.
THE MASS SPECTROMETER
The mass spectrometer is used to measure the masses of different isotopes and their relative abundance.
RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS
The relative atomic mass (Ar) of an element is the average mass of an atom of the element taking into account all its isotopes and their relative abundance.
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Checklist
At the end of this Subtopic 2.1 - The nuclear atom, you should be able to:
Describe the nuclear model of the atom, consisting of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Outline the structure of the atom as having a dense, very small, central nucleus, surrounded by electrons.
Describe the essential properties of the proton, neutron and electron in terms of relative mass and electrical charge.
Describe how the atom is electrically neutral, having an equal number of protons and electrons.
Outline how most elements exist as isotopic mixtures of atoms, differing only in the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the isotopes.
