Curricular Approaches.
Concept
Curriculum approaches are theoretical structures that support the way in which the different elements of the curriculum are visualized, including their interactions. They are adopted in educational systems to guide curricular planning, concretized in the actions of curriculum design.
Tyler approach
Winfred Ralph Tyler dedicated many years of his life to teaching, traveling throughout his home country to advise teachers and administrators on how to improve learning and teaching, as he considered his profession a vice.
John Dewey
John Dewey was a graduate in psychology, philosophy and pedagogy, considered the founder of pragmatism, which advocated the integration of thought and action.
Main sources
The curriculum by Tyler
The students
The society
The content requirements
Curricular Model
It is important to start from the need and the behavioral change you want to see in the students.
In reference to society, it means determining the cultural and contemporary moment we live in, and the requirements of the content are based on the teacher and the vision he/she has for the education of his/her students.
This model must be adapted to the group and the reality it has and its objective is to generate learning on its own basis and not from the activities.
Dewey's methodology consists of 5 phases:
Main sources
Consideration of some real and actual experience of the child.
Identification of a problem or difficulty arising from that experience.
Inspection of available data, as well as search for viable solutions.
Formulation of the solution hypothesis.
Verification of the hypothesis by action.
Dewey Methodology
Dewey wanted to encourage initiative, individual skills and entrepreneurship by proposing schools with democratic and social education with the aim of developing students' capabilities.
Differences
Similarities
Both created methodologies with the same purpose, which was to contribute to an improvement in expert and effective teaching.
Dewey stresses that the student must be an active participant in the classroom.
Both theories were defended and validated by experts.
The similarity of both theories proved to be true and important in classroom discipline and management.
Tyler proposes a more scientific and rational education for students.
Dewey objects that the human being is a social being, that his objective for better understanding and learning is the relationship he can develop with society.
Tyler believes that educational objects are derived from systematic studies and expert analysis of students.