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Carbohydrate
a type of macronutrient found in certain foods and drinks
Uses or Functions
Common elements found and the ratio they are found in/The abundance of chemical elements in the universe is dominated by the large amounts of hydrogen and helium which were produced in the Big Bang.
Basic Sub-unit (monomer)/A monomer is a small molecular subunit that can be combined with similar subunits to form larger molecules.
Types of Carbohydrates (mono, di, poly)/Common Carbohydrates. Name. Derivation of name and Source. Monosaccharides. Glucose. From Greek word for sweet wine; grape sugar, blood sugar, dextrose.
Examples of each/Foods and drinks can have three types of carbohydrates: starches, sugars and fiber. The words “total carbohydrates” on a food's nutrient label refers to a combination of all three types.
Paste figures or diagrams of the molecules/
Uses or Functions
Common elements found in lipids/Lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, and in some cases contain phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur and other elements.
Basic components of lipids/Lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, and in some cases contain phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur and other elements.
Provide examples of different types of lipids and their functions/Lipids perform three primary biological functions within the body: they serve as structural components of cell membranes, function as energy storehouses, and function as important signaling molecules.
Phospholipids/Phospholipids (PL) are a group of polar lipids that consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit and a phosphate group which is esterified to an organic molecule (X) such as choline
Steroids/Steroids are a man-made version of chemicals, known as hormones, that are made naturally in the human body.
Triglycerides/Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) found in your blood. When you eat, your body converts any calories it doesn't need to use right away into triglycerides.
Saturation/the state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added.
Unsaturated fats/Unsaturated fats contain one or more double or triple bonds between the molecules. These fats are liquid at room temperature in oil form. They also occur in solid foods. This group breaks down further into two categories, called monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats.
Lipids
any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids.
proteins
consists of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds.
Uses or Functions
Common elements found in proteins
Basic Sub-unit (monomer)/A monomer is a small molecular subunit that can be combined with similar subunits to form larger molecules
Describe the components of the sub-unit
R-group/An abbreviation for any group in which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule. Sometimes used more loosely,
Amino group/An abbreviation for any group in which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule. Sometimes used more loosely,
Carboxyl group/a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydroxyl group (O-H) attached to the same carbon atom
Diagram of general structure/The nucleus determines how the cell will function, as well as the basic structure of that cell.
Diagram of an actual sub-unit/A schematic diagram shows the fully assembled translation initiation complex, which includes the ribosome
Peptide bonding/In organic chemistry, a peptide bond is an amide type of covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive alpha-amino acids from C1
Levels of organization/Typical levels of organization that one finds in the literature include the atomic, molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organismal, group, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, and biosphere levels.
Primary/primary. principal, primus, the first, first in order or in time of development, principal.
Secondary/A secondary succession is a type of succession that follows after a primary succession
Tertiary/Tertiary means the third level in biology. For example, in a food web, tertiary consumers are the third level of consumer.
Quaternary/A structural level wherein several proteins (or polypeptide subunits) interact through non-covalent bonds to form one functional protein complex.
uncleic acids
Uses or functions
Common elements found in nucleic acids/Nucleic acids contain the same elements as proteins: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen; plus phosphorous (C, H, O, N, and P)
Sub-unit (monomer)/A monomer is a small molecular subunit that can be combined with similar subunits to form larger molecules. In living systems, like our own bodies, these larger molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins
Phosphate/Phosphate is a charged particle (ion) that contains the mineral phosphorus. The body needs phosphorus to build and repair bones and teeth, help nerves function, and make muscles contract
Sugar/Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food
Nitrogenous base/Nitrogenous base: A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base.
Labeled diagram/A labeled diagram is a drawing, chart or graph that is used to visualize a concept. Labeled diagrams can be used in math, science and language arts in order to help students understand the relationships among different parts of the diagram.
Distinction between DNA and RNA/Thus, the major difference between DNA and RNA is that DNA is double-stranded and RNA is single-stranded. DNA is responsible for genetic information transmission, whereas RNA transmits genetic codes that are necessary for protein creation.
Types of nucleic acids/The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the master blueprint for life and constitutes the genetic material in all free-living organisms and most viruses.
DNA/DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms
Basic structure/The basic structure doctrine is a common law legal doctrine that the constitution of a sovereign state has certain characteristics that cannot be erased
Diagram/a simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or workings of something; a schematic representation.
RNA/Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule similar to DNA. Unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded. An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate groups.
Basic structure/The basic structure doctrine is a common law legal doctrine that the constitution of a sovereign state has certain characteristics that cannot be erased by ...
Diagram/a simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or workings of something; a schematic representation.
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