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Qualitative research in Education - Coggle Diagram
Qualitative research in Education
Ethical considerations (Bodgan and Biklen)
Respect the participants’ privacy (including identities)
respect participants and seek their cooperation
Do not make participants feel coerced
Always tell the truth to the participants
the treatment of participants becomes an ethical issue to be considered
Research should establish codes of ethics to protect participants and support ethical approaches to fieldwork.
Definition
John Creswell (1994)
based on distinct methodological traditions
inquiry to explore a social or human problem
inquiry process of understanding
builds a complex and holistic picture
conducts the study in a natural setting
Sharan B. Merriam (2009)
how people make sense of their world and experiences
understand the meaning people have constructed
Characteristics Biklen (2007)
Concern with process
uses multiple interactive
participant expectations are translated into daily activities
focuses on process rather than outcomes
Inductive
theories or concepts are built on the base of gathering data
bottom-up direction to understand situations
Observation, Pattern, Tentative Hypothesis and Theory
Descriptive data
Researchers describe the data deeply
quotations in order to narrate a particular situation as accurately as possible.
take the form of words or pictures rather than numbers
Meaning
capture perspectives as precise as possible
participants’ perspectives focus on assumptions
Naturalistic
no experimental approach
subjects are studied in their natural settings
They are observed by the researcher (overt or convert observation)
There is no manipulation of the environment