SCHIZOPHRENIA
Interactonist approach
Biological
Psychological
Treatments
Explanations
Treatments
Explanations
Application and essay writing
Nosology- the branch of medical science dealing with the classification of diseases
Holistic - biological, psychological and societal factors.
Diathesis stress model
The idea that someone may be vulnerable to schizophrenia but they will only develop the disorder if it is triggered (the stressor).
Family dysfunction
Cognitive explanation
Double bind theory
Expressed emotion
The schizophrenogenic mother
Creates a family climate of secrecy and tension
Causes distrust and later paranoid delusions which contribute to schizophrenia
Cold dominant and moralistic
Fromm- Reichmann suggests a certain type of mother can cause schizophrenia
Suggests that SZ can be caused when a child receives contradictory messages from parents
Communication levels
Gregory Bateson
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Negative family climate in which a patients family is critical or hostile towards them or over involved and over emotional
Elements
Explains either relapse in patients or onset of SZ in vulnerable people
The fact that EE can make people relapse suggests that SZ patients have a lower tolerance for hghly emotional interactions
Verbal criticism and occasional voilence
Hostility
Emotional over involvement in patients life
Noll found that a supportive and emotionally undemanding family environment may reduce a patients reliance on antipsychotic drugs and reduce the likelihood of a relapse
Evaluation
Strengths
Weaknesses
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Support for family relationships- In the Tienari study, all adoptees who developed SZ had a disturbed foster family
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Typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
Been around since the 1950s
Made 20 years later
Less side effects
Reduce hallucinations as high dopamine in the subcortex can contribute to hallucinations
Most well known is chlorpromazine, a dopamine antagonist, it reduces the action of dopamine by blocking receptors
Clozapine, similar to chlorpromazine in the way it blocks dopamine but it also reduces serotonin and glutamate which enhances mood and cognitive functioning, lowering suicide rates
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evaluation
Weaknesses
Strengths
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Instantly works
Doesn't treat the cause only symptoms, symptoms return when drug ue stops
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