SCHIZOPHRENIA

Interactonist approach

Biological

Psychological

Treatments

Explanations

Treatments

Explanations

Application and essay writing

Nosology- the branch of medical science dealing with the classification of diseases

Holistic - biological, psychological and societal factors.

Diathesis stress model

The idea that someone may be vulnerable to schizophrenia but they will only develop the disorder if it is triggered (the stressor).

Family dysfunction

Cognitive explanation

Double bind theory

Expressed emotion

The schizophrenogenic mother

Creates a family climate of secrecy and tension

Causes distrust and later paranoid delusions which contribute to schizophrenia

Cold dominant and moralistic

Fromm- Reichmann suggests a certain type of mother can cause schizophrenia

Suggests that SZ can be caused when a child receives contradictory messages from parents

Communication levels

Gregory Bateson

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Negative family climate in which a patients family is critical or hostile towards them or over involved and over emotional

Elements

Explains either relapse in patients or onset of SZ in vulnerable people

The fact that EE can make people relapse suggests that SZ patients have a lower tolerance for hghly emotional interactions

Verbal criticism and occasional voilence

Hostility

Emotional over involvement in patients life

Noll found that a supportive and emotionally undemanding family environment may reduce a patients reliance on antipsychotic drugs and reduce the likelihood of a relapse

Evaluation

Strengths

Weaknesses

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Support for family relationships- In the Tienari study, all adoptees who developed SZ had a disturbed foster family

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Typical antipsychotics

Atypical antipsychotics

Been around since the 1950s

Made 20 years later

Less side effects

Reduce hallucinations as high dopamine in the subcortex can contribute to hallucinations

Most well known is chlorpromazine, a dopamine antagonist, it reduces the action of dopamine by blocking receptors

Clozapine, similar to chlorpromazine in the way it blocks dopamine but it also reduces serotonin and glutamate which enhances mood and cognitive functioning, lowering suicide rates

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evaluation

Weaknesses

Strengths

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Instantly works

Doesn't treat the cause only symptoms, symptoms return when drug ue stops

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