Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Psychological Research, Psychological Research - Coggle Diagram
Psychological Research
-
-
-
Perspective
Your perspective is the way you see something. If you think that toys corrupt children's minds, then from your perspective a toy shop is an evil place
Pseudopsychology
palmistry
palmistry is the art of analyzing the physical features of the hands to interpret personality characteristics and predict future
graphology
Graphology is the look into what a person's natural handwriting says about their character, temperament, and abilities
astrology
astrology, type of divination that involves the forecasting of earthly and human events through the observation and interpretation of the fixed stars, the Sun, the Moon, and the planets
biorhythm analysis
Scientifically biorhythm can be shorthand for biological rhythms which are the recurring cycles in an organism's physiology (such as sleeping and waking), as well as routine emotional, physical, or mental activity.
Bias
information bias
Information bias occurs when any information used in a study is either measured or recorded inaccurately. travelling via airplane cause death vs travelling by car
confirmation bias
For example, imagine that a person holds a belief that left-handed people are more creative than right-handed people.
Self Serving Bias
For example: A student gets a good grade on a test and tells herself that she studied hard or is good at the material. She gets a bad grade on another test and says the teacher doesn't like her or the test was unfair.
-
Anchoring bias
Anchoring bias occurs when people rely too much on pre-existing information or the first information they find when making decisions. For example, if you first see a T-shirt that costs $1,200 – then see a second one that costs $100 – you're prone to see the second shirt as cheap
Emotional Bias
to be reluctant to accept hard facts that are unpleasant and give mental suffering. Example Capital punishment?
Expectancy Bias
For example, if you're running a study examining the effects of a certain new medication on participants' stress levels, you'll probably expect participants receiving the medication to be less stressed than those receiving a placebo pill
Goals of Psychology
The main goals of a psychologist conducting basic research are to describe, explain,
predict, and control behaviour.
Psychological Research
Psychologists rely on systematic observation, data collection, and analysis to find out the
answers to their questions.
-
-
-
Step 4. Publish, Criticise, and Replicate the Results
-
Psychological Research
Correlational study
An example would be: Are child victims of abuse more likely to become abusers themselves? Are there any relation between the child becoming an abuser because they had been abuse themselves then they were young.
Pseudo-psychology
A familiar pseudoscience that many of us have heard and practice in our household is Feng Shui. Pseudo-psychology is beliefs explaining certain choices of behaviour, but without proper evidence or statistics to prove that it is true. Feng Shui is claimed to correlate energy forces with an individual’s surroundings. My mother particularly, believes that Feng Shui would bring good luck and peace to the household. She would have annual checks with a person of that expertise and check every superstition during Chinese New Year. I do not believe in Feng Shui as there were never proper explanations, only reasons to why I will receive bad luck if my bed is not facing the South. The only fact is that there are people that believe in Feng Shui and like my mother, she would use my mishaps as evidence for not believing in Feng Shui but finds my achievements as mere hard work or luck.
Emotional bias
example is the McDonald's BTS meal, where people buy the food they may not have needed or liked in the first place, but because of a favorite celebrity. There are still people who leave those boxes specifically as a collection.
Whole-person perspective
Whole-person perspective. This consists of psychoanalysis and humanistic perspectives. Humanistic perspective focuses on personal experiences and can make their own decisions. An example can be when I approached my manager with an intention to do an internal transfer within the company to try out for a new role after 3 years and discussed about further career developments and career opportunities. Taking into account that there is a need for constant growth and development.
Informed consent
A good example would be the covid vaccination process. Before I am able to book an appointment, I had to answer a short questionnaire to check my eligibility for the vaccination. A description of known side effects was also highlighted before obtaining my consent. Only after I had consented was I given an option of venue, date and time for the vaccination.