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B1/B2 - Mocks - Coggle Diagram
B1/B2 - Mocks
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L1 - Cells, Tissues, Organs..
The order of organisation (from largest to smallest) is: cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
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Organs are aggregations of tissue performing specific functions within an organism. Examples include: digestive system, circulatory system, respiratory system...
An organ system is a group of organs working together to perform a specific function within an organism.
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L7 - The Heart
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the vena cava and into the right atrium. The blood then passes through a valve into the right ventricle and out of the heart through the pulmonary artery.
Oxygenated blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein, enters the left atrium, passes through a valve into the left ventricle and out of the heart through the aorta.
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L8 - The Blood Vessels
Arteries - Arteries carry blood away from the heart; this blood travels at high pressures and has thick, muscular walls.
Veins - Veins carry blood towards the heart, they have a large lumen so carry blood at relatively low pressures (they contain valves to prevent backflow) and they have thinner walls.
Capillaries - Capillaries have very thin walls and are permeable so that oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse through them. They carry oxygenated and deoxygenated blood between the arteries and veins.
L17 - Active Transport
Active transport is the movement of substances from a low concentration to a high concentration, this is not a passive movement so requires energy. This process goes against the concentration gradient.
Active transport is how mineral ions in a dilute solution are absorbed by root hair cells. As well as this, glucose is absorbed into the blood from the small intestine via active transport.
L5 - Bile
Bile is responsible for neutralising the acidic conditions in the stomach (due to its alkaline nature) to allow lipase to function and for emulsifying fats.
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L13/L14 - SA:V
A single celled organism has a relatively large surface area to volume ratio, this means that gasses diffuses into the organism.
L15 - Osmosis
Osmosis is the net movement of water through a semi permeable membrane from a dilute area to a more concentrated area, this does not require energy.
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L3 - Enzyme Activity
Specific enzymes have an optimum pH and temperature that they work best at; if conditions are below these values, the rate of enzyme activity will be slowe; if conditions are above these values, the enzyme could denature.
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