Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching 
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1. Major trends in twentieth-century lenguage teaching
The concept of method in teaching, the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning is a powerful one, and the search for better methods was a preoccupation of many teachers and applied linguists throughout the 20th century.
Methods
Approches
Design
Procedures
Theories about the nature of laguage
- Structural view
- Functional view
- Interactional view
Theories about the nature of lenguage learning
- Process , oruented theories
- Condition , oriented theories
These are the different practices and behaviours that operate in the classroom using the method.
The whole basis of contemporary language teaching developed during the early part of the 20th century.
language teaching established itself as a profession in the 20th century
- Objetives
- Materials
- Organized content
Learning Theory
It is based on
- Behaviour
- Learning skills
- Constructivism
- Construction hypothesis
- Code learning
2.- The nature of approaches and methods in language teaching
The grammar-translation method reflected an established and scholarly view of language and its study.
Language is a very complex phenomenon and is studied from the perspective of many different disciplines, such as linguistics, literature, psychology, anthropology and sociology.
The grammar translation method
- The aim of foreign language study is to learn a language in order to read its literature or to benefit from the mental discipline and intellectual development that result from the study of a foreign language.
- Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used and words are learned through bilingual word lists, dictionary study and memorisation.
- Grammar is taught deductively, i.e. through the presentation and study of grammatical rules, which are then practised through translation exercises.
The direct method
Sauveur and other proponents of the natural method argued that a foreign language could be taught without the need for translation or the use of the learner's mother tongue if meaning was conveyed directly through demonstration and action.
Methods era
- A method or approach refers to a set of theoretically coherent didactic procedures that define good practice in language teaching.
- Accurately followed, they will lead to more effective levels of language learning than alternative forms of language teaching.
- They will lead to more effective levels of language learning than alternative forms of language teaching.
The emergen methods
Changes have reflected the evolution of the aims of language teaching, such as the shift from reading comprehension to oral competence as the objective of language study.
The influence latin
500 years ago Latin was the most studied language in the world and dominated commerce, education and religion. It evolved and began to be taught in the new European schools and was taught with the same basic procedures that were used in the past.