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UNIT 1 High achievers, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 1
High achievers
Present perfect forms
VS
Past simple
Past simple
We use it to talk about finished actions, events or states.
Messi
signed
for PSG this year
Present perfect simple
We use it to...
Talk about a past experience that is relevant to what is currently being talked about (emphasise is completed).
I
’ve visited
several European countires, but Romania isn’t one of them.
Talk about repeated past actions (emphasise the number of times).
He
’s scored
more than 20 goals for the England football team.
Present perfect continous
We use present perfect forms to...
Connect past situations or events with the present
Show that something in the past has a result or consequence in the present
The time or moment is irrelevant
We use it to...
Focus on the incomplete or temporary nature of an activity or situation that started in the past.
They
’ve been staying
at their grandma’s house. They’re going home tomorrow.
To talk about the duration of an activity or situation.
I
’ve been looking
forward the new film for ages!
To talk about repeated past actions or to emphasise the duration of a past action.
He
’s been scoring
a lot of goals this season.
Modifying comparative and superlative forms
Before a comparative
Far
Much
(Quite) a lot
Considerably
My new tablet is
considerably faster
than the old one.
Significantly
A great deal
Slightly
He is
a great deal more confident
than he was last year.
Hardly (any)
A bit
Scarcely (any)
She was
scarcely any taller
than her younger brother.
Ever
Barely (any)
A little
Thanks to his excellent teacher, his English got
ever better
.
After a comparative
By a long way
By far
By miles
The festival was
more popular by far
than in previous years.
Before a superlative
Easily
Altogether
Simply
Much
That’s
simply the worst
song I’ve ever heard.
Quite
By far and away
Hardly
He’s Good, but he’s
hardly the fastest
runner in the team.
After a superlative
By a long way
By far
By miles
Ever
He’s
the tallest
student in our class
by miles
.
Ever (before a comparative) = Cada vez más
Ever (after a superlative) = De todos los tiempos
Colloquial words and expressions
A bit = Slightly
Check = Verify
Cook = Prepare
Really = Extremely
Buy = Purchase
Need = Require
Look into = Investigate
Meals = Dishes
Get/Keep in touch = Contact
Get = Obtain
Start = Commence
Seem = Appear
Think about = Consider
Whole = Entire
Achievement and difficulty
Obstacle / Hurdle
Obstáculo
Trial / Ordeal
Calvario
Accomplishment / Feat
Hito / Logro
Undertaking / Mission
Misión
Exploits / Adventures
Aventuras
Prefixes
im
Improbable
un
Uninformative
ir
Irresponsible
dis
Discomfort
in
Inadequate
il
Illogical
under
Underestimate
super
Superhero
co
Coworker
over
Oversleep
anti
Antisocial
mis
Misunderstand
re
Reconsider
inter
Interactive
sub
Subconscious