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Parliament Limits the English Monarchy - Coggle Diagram
Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
After Elizabeth, her cousin James Stuart comes to power in England. Former king of Scotland, James Stuart became King James I of England in 1603.
James's Problems James inherited the unresolved issues of Elizabeth's reign. He refused to make puritanical reforms.
In 1625 James I died. His son Charles I ascended the throne.
In 1628, Charles was forced to call Parliament again.
Carlo should have signed a document where he accepted:
• He would not imprison subjects without due cause.
• He would not levy taxes without Parliament’s consent.
• He would not house soldiers in private homes.
• He would not impose martial law in peacetime.
But he ignored the petition.
He wanted both of his kingdoms to follow one religion.
From 1642 to 1649, King Charles' supporters and opponents fought the English Civil War. Those who remained loyal to Charles were called royalists or knights.
Puritan supporters of Parliament wore short hair over their ears, the Cavaliers called them Roundheads.
Carlo was imprisoned, found guilty and sentenced to death.
Cromwell's Rule Cromwell now held the reins of power. In 1649 he abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords. He established a Commonwealth, a republican form of government.
The first constitution was written. But Cromwell then tore the document and became a military dictator.
The new king is Charles II. The period of his rule is called the Restoration.
During the reign of Charles II, Parliament approved an important guarantee of freedom, the habeas corpus. The judge could decide whether the prisoner should be tried or released.
Since Charles had no legitimate children, his heir was his brother James, who was a Catholic.
In 1685 Charles II died and James II became king. James soon offended his subjects by showing his Catholicism.
James had an eldest daughter, Mary, who was a Protestant.
Seven Members of Parliament called on William and Mary to overthrow James for the sake of Protestantism. When William led his army to London in 1688, James fled to France. This overthrow of King James II is called the Glorious Revolution.