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Conginital Malfunction - Coggle Diagram
Conginital Malfunction
Structural abnomarlity present @ birth.
Teratogenic agents
Substances that cause changes
Aetiology
study of causes
(many not known)
Teratology
Study of abnormal developments & cause
Cause
1.Chromosomal & Genetic Factor
Structural
3.Duplications
4.Inversion
5.Iso chromosomes
2.Deletions
1.Translocation
Numerical
S
ex chromosom
Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY)
Turner's syndrome (XO)
Triple X syndrome (XXX).
Autosomal
Trisomy 18 syndrome.
Trisomy 13 syndrome.
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)
2.Environmental Factor
4.Radiation
5.Nutrional deficiencies
3
.Hormones
6.Hypoxia
2.Chemical agents
Alcohol
Antibiotics (eg. Tetracycline)
Anticoagulants which may induce hemorrhage.
7.Environmental Chemical
8.Miscellaneous
Age of the mother
Geographical factors.
Number of previous pregnancies
1.Infectious agents:
Rubella
Toxoplasmosis
Cytomegalovirus
Abnomalies of placenta
3.Distribution of chorionic villi
Placenta membrancea
(both chorion leave & fondorsum form placenta)
Placcenta succenturiate
4.Umbilical Cord attachment
Eccentric attachment
Battledore placenta
Velamentous attachment
2.
Number
Twin Placenta
5.
Position
Placenta previa
(@ lower down near internal)
Marginalis
Centralis
Lateralis
1.
Shape
Placenta bipartite
(bilobed placenta)
Placenta Tripartite
(trilobed placenta )
Adherence of Chorionic
Villi to Uterus
Increta
Percreta
Accreta