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5 Surah Al Maidah - The Table Spread - Coggle Diagram
5 Surah Al Maidah - The Table Spread
Introduction
revealed in Medina towards the end of the prophetic mission
contains final commandments and instructions about the religious, cultural, and political life of the Muslims,
consolidating the growing Islamic state.
Definite rules and regulations have been laid down for what is lawful and unlawful in the matter of food.
fiqh
of purification
wudu
ghusl
tayammum
last among all Medinan Chapters
the Holy Prophet ﷺ has been reported to have said: Surah al-Ma'idah is from what has been revealed towards the last stage of the revelation of the Qur'an. So, take what has been made lawful there as lawful forever and take what has been made unlawful there as unlawful forever.
named Al Mai'da because of verse 112
story of the disciples of 'isa a.s. asking for a table spread with food from the heavens as a sign from Allah
main lessons
v1. fulfil contracts
promise is one sided, contract
aqd
is two sided
types of
aqd
with Allah
day of
alastu bi rabbikum
proclaiming
la ilaha il Allah
pledge to believe in Him, to obey Him, or to observe the restrictions imposed by Him on matters and things lawful and unlawful
with Allah's creation
with individuals
business deals
nikah
v5. permissible to marry chaste women after paying
mahr
from believers
from people of the book
buying and selling
rental contracts
legal contracts
between two parties
government
institutions
commitment with oneself
vow (
nadhr
)
oath
aqd
literally means to tie a knot
Eating
lawful
v1: 4 legged grazing livestock
⚠ v96, hunting not allowed in state of ihram
goat, sheep, cow, buffalo, camel, deer etc.
v4. catch hunted by trained animals
name of Allah taken at the time of releasing the hunting dog or falcon
dog is considered trained when he would not eat anything from what he hunted but bring back to its master and wait to be fed
falcon is considered trained when it would leave pursuit of target midway and return to the master if the master calls it back
excellence of knowledge
if animals can be taught to overcome their instincts and obey its master then humans, the noblest of creation can surely use beneficial knowledge to subdue their
nafs
into submission to its
Rabb
v4. all
wholesome
things are permissible
v5. food of the people of the book
v96. catching fish and eating it even in
ihram
is allowed
v3. impermissible
flowing blood
⚠ liver and spleen is not flowing blood
dead animals
⚠ fish and locust exempted as reported in Ahadith
pork (in all forms)
sacrificed for other than Allah
strangled to death
struck with a fatal blow
fall to death
dead by goring
killed by wild animals
sacrificed at altars
division of meat portions by divining arrows
v90.
Khamr
wine
by extension other intoxicants
v2:
do not violate the sanctity
symbols and rites of Allah
the sacred months
Muharram
Rajab
Dhul-Qa'dah
Dhul-Hijjah
sacrificial animals
specially with a band placed around their necks as a symbol of sacrifice
people coming to Masjid al-Haram
v27. story of the two sons of Adam a.s
sanctity of human life
v32. unjust killing will be as if they killed all of humanity; and whoever saves a life, it will be as if they saved all of humanity
jealousy caused first unjust killing
v39. punishment for stealing
hand should be cut off
Nakalan:
a stern warning that discourages others from stealing too
same punishment for man and woman
Purification
v6. ablution
wudu
wash
face
hands up to the elbows
feet up to the ankles
wipe
forehead
v6. ceremonial bath
ghusl
to thoroughly purify after major ritual impurity
v6. dry ablution
tayammum
when water unavailable
clean soil
or anything from the genus of soil
wipe face and arms
when use of water can worsen illness
people of the book
Nasara
consequence of breaking the covenant
forgot a part of the reminder
enmity and hatred between them till day of judgement
v73. refuting trinity
v74. 'Isa a.s. and his mother were people who needed food to survive. how can they be divine like the Creator when they have needs like other creation
v109. day of judgement Allah will remind 'Isa a.s. of all His favors and ask did you ask the people to take you and your mother as gods besides Allah?
Bani Isra'il
12 leaders
v12. covenant
establish
salah
give
zakat
Messengers
believe them
support them
give Allah a goodly loan
spend in His way
v13. consequence of breaking the covenant
curse of Allah
far away from His Mercy
hearts hardened
distort words of Torah
treacherous
forgot a part of the reminder
refusal to fight
v26. punishment of wandering 40 years
v70. when messengers came with guidance not pleasing to the desires of their
nafs
denied
killed
v13. claim we are sons of Allah and His beloved
ask then why does Allah punish you for your sins?
v51, v57 Believers do not take them as
Awliya
no deep friendships of trust
no political alliance for gains and protection
no ganging up together to plot against believers
be polite to all as subtle invitation to faith
v77. do not commit excess in
deen
oaths
laghw
thoughtless utterances
no expiation but bad habit to have
e.g. repeating "
wallah
/ I swear by God" in conversation as a habit
Allah will hold accountable
swearing about an action in the
future
expiation necessary if oath broken
feed 10 poor people a moderate meal
clothe 10 poor people
free a slave
fasting for 3 day
swearing about an action in the
past
incorrect assumption
no expiation, it is considered a
laghw
utterance
on purpose - such as false testimony
no expiation but much
istighfar
for a huge sin
v106. take testimony when making a will