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The bourgeois revolutions and the Spanish War of Independence image,…
The bourgeois revolutions and the Spanish War of Independence
The Spanish War of Independence
course of the war
Local and provincial councils
fight against the French
committees
governmental organisations
members were elected by people
1.time voting to choose their representatives
Central Council
could sign treaties
executive and legislative power.
absent Fernando VII
areas not occupied by French
war effort
several phases
1812–1813
signed a military alliance with Great Britain
Napoleon withdrew some of his troops
send them to Russia.
Duke of Wellington led troops
Anglo-Spanish
Portuguese
won victories
forced the French to withdraw from Spain
Treaty of Valençay.
December 1813
signed by Napoleon
Fernando VII returned to the throne
1808–1812
guerrilla warfare began
Napoleon came to Spain
oversee the French occupation
sieges in some cities
French occupied all of Spain
except for Cádiz
1808
Battle of Bailén
Spanish victory
temporarily stopped the French
reaching Andalucía
consequences
devastating for Spain
agriculture was abandoned
cities and industries were destroyed
million people died
The Cadiz Cortes
The Central Council
refuge
from the advancing French troops
in Cadiz
1810
replaced by the Regency Council
Cádiz Cortes
individual vote
first unified cortes
each deputy
represented the whole nation
not based on the estates system
223 deputies
elected by the Spanish and American provinces
lawyers
merchants
military men
clergy
bourgeoisie were well-represented
Different groups
supporters of Enlightenment ideas
end the Ancien Régime
establish a constitutional monarchy
popular sovereignty
separation of powers
absolutists
king
absolute monarch
Spain's first constitution,
19 March 1812
Constitution of 1812
victory for the Enlightenment ideas
liberty
equality
The Spanish War of Independence
1808 to 1813.
Spain vs France
2 May 1808
people of Madrid rose up
against the French occupation
failed
other parts
encouraged by their actions
the war began
