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Beginning of the reign of EII - Coggle Diagram
Beginning of the reign of EII
Introduction
1951 Conservatives returned to pow
Churchill == 1955
57 EDEN
63 MACMILLAN
64 HOME
FEB 1952
GEORGE VI dead
Q crowned in June 1953
only 25
Quote A.N Wilson
"Churchill's chief fonction in his last spell of office was symbolic"
reassure Britain
1950s A decade of hope
1851 GREAT EXHIBITION IN LDN
1951 FESTIVAL OF BRITAIN
celebrate centenary of G.Ex
Royal festival hall
show UK recovered from war
technologic + artistic skills
ridiculed by Press
BUT 10M ppl visited
nation need amusement
impact on architecture
02/06/53 The coronation
Moment of pride
national holiday
millions of viewers
1st criticisms of monarchy
valuable financially??
End of Austerity
Prosperity
consumer boom + cut in taxation
++ living standards ++ middle class
reward aft hardships of war
1950s steady rise in domestic improvements
1960 leading indus + nuclear pow
But -- intnat prestige
focus on itself
introspection + enjoyments ; bettering lifestyle + soc life
Questionning deference
or the end of a certain Britain
// monarchy, privileged class, Establishment, aristocratic edifice
Def° DEFERENCE
type of respect for leaders + constitution of a country
trust in authority + competence of leaders
Monarchy key role
entertain + guide nation so that real rulers (cabinet + HoC) do their job away from pub eye
All needed to accept both deference and the constraints imposed
Criticizing the monarchy and the Establishment could change the very structure of a traditional society.
book The English Constitution, Walter Bagehot 1867
Country = disguised republic
efficient pow
dignified
monarchy + HoL
1st signs of criticism of the monarch
BF 50s Royal Fam priv life
still private
only royal occasions mattered ; sort of censorship
"not to let daylight upon magic" Bagehot
Q herself started to be criticized
1957 Lord Altrincham "
Q out of touch w modern world + voice of a priggish schoolgirl"
Consequences for soct + institution
Main criticism
cost + usefulness
monarchy had to open up
show the Press it was worth £
forced to modernize
1958
bal des débutantes cancelled
empire day == commonwealth day
1969 1st BBC documentary "Royal Family"
M of viewers
mistake
non stop scrutinizing
The 1950s or the shift in society
The enemy within the Establishment
A.N Wilson book academics =
"liars, communists + traitors"
Cambridge 4
members of KGB spy ring
want to lead B. soct == communism
penetrated system intelligence of UK
passed vital info° to soviets
all defected + seen as traitors
brit lost role of superpower
Donald Maclean
Foreign Office
Anthony Blunt
1930s communist at Cambridge ; teacher = recruited students
worked for MI5 during war, art historian, Surveyor of the Q picture
knighted in 1956
1963 outed as a spy but immunity // info°
Kim Philby
journalist + MI6
head of anti soviets action
chief of British Intelligence officer in US
Guy Burgess
journalist + MI6
The ousting of Churchill
1955 compelled to leave
replaced by Eden
followed consensus
welfare state
mixed eco
keynesianism
withdrawal from colo
Decolo° + 1st race riots :
institutionalized racism
end of WW1 to end of 60s = ++ countries indep
brit accepted many immigrants
tried to restrict immig° + improve integration those in
1958 1st race riots in Notting Hill
Conclusion
beginning of EII = leap into dark pltc + soct
only the start of deep changes in UK