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Compartment Syndrome (Mobility/Tissue) - Coggle Diagram
Compartment Syndrome (Mobility/Tissue)
Patho/etiology
The pressure within a closed muscle compartment exceeds perfusion pressure
Impaired perfusion of tissue leads to muscle and nerve ischemia
Typically caused by trauma (tib/fib Fx most common) which causes fluid accumulation in the effected fixed fluid comspartment
Skeletal muscle releases histamines that increase capillary permeability which causes leaking and sludging leading to further ischemia
Myocytes decompose into osmotically active particles drawing more liquid into the compartment
Risk factors
Burns
Trauma
Tight fitting clothes, splints, or dressings
vascular injury
venous obstruction
immobility
Labs/ Diagnostics
intracompartmental pressures
urine myoglobin
CPK
renal function test
Complications
loss of limb
Rhabdomyolysis
AKI
Collaborative Treatment
Remove the source of pressure
Fasciotomy
raise limb to level of heart
S&S
Swelling
Blanching
blistering
sever pain out of proportion for injury
paresthesia
hyporeflexia
firm wooden feeling on deep palpation
loss of pulse
decreased two-point discrimination