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Biology GCSE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Take blood to the heart :!:
        they also have valves unlike
        arteries so STENTS don't work.
    - - Take blood away from the heart :!:
  - - - A balloon within a wire grid is placed in you arteries the balloon is blown up and then they remove the balloon the grid is left holding the artery open and wide
  - - - They are a drug that helps lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, also known as “bad” cholesterol, in the blood. They draw cholesterol out of plaque and stabilize plaque, Blaha says.
  - - - It is a small, battery-operated electronic device implanted in a person's chest that sends out regular, adjustable electrical impulses to produce normal contractions of the heart.
- - - - Alcohol left body by 7pm (one unit per hour)
  - - - Stomach
        
        Causes erosion
      - Kidneys
        
        Kidney failure
      - Heart :arrow_down:
        
        High blood pressure
      - Liver
        
        Get damaged cirosis
      - Depresion
    - - Dizzy
      - Become thick
      - Headache
      - Aggression
      - Depresion
- - - - It the cell continues to divide to then form a tumour
        
        The tumour will then form a tumour which continues to get bigger and bigger till it begins to damage vital organs
  - - - Malignant
        
        Grow faster and can spread thus causing secondary tumours
        
        More dangerous because they can spread
      - Benign
        
        Contained in one place
        
        Slow growing and can often be easily removed it also rarely spreads
    - - Risk factors are same
  - - - breast and ovarian cancer
    - - Diet
        
        Not enough fruit and veg
        
        To much processed food, fats, red meat and salt
      - Sun exposure
      - Alcohol
      - Smoking
        
        Increases risk by 30%
      - Body weight
      - Healthy lifestyle halfs you risk to cancer :check:
    - - can be caused by chemicals such as tar and asbestos
    - - These can cause tumours to form
    - - 15% caused by this
  - - - If there are lots of people with cancer it can cause peeps to not get the treatment they need
  - - - Mainly white women
    - - Only men
    - - Very dangerous!
    - - Less than 10% survive :forbidden:
        
        Once detected it mostly to late
      - Smoking causes 90%
  - - - Radiotherapy
        
        Cancer cells are destroyed by targeting doses of raditions
      - Chemotherapy
        
        Chemical that either stop cells dividing or cause them to "self destruct"
        
        Drugs are used to destroy cancer cells
        
        can also harm healthy cells
      - Cryosurgery
        
        Used on external tumours, retina, cervix and early stage prostate cancer
        
        Liquid nitrogen is used
        
        Onced used it will form a scab
- - - - Attack bacteria cell wall
      - Engulf Bacteria
      - Produce Antibodies
      - Produce Antitoxins
- - - - Efficacy is the drug’s maximum response that can be achieved with it.
    - - The drugs are tested using computer models and skin cells grown using human stem cells in the laboratory.
    - - To test the efficacy and possible side effects to be tested.
  - - - This is a test that shows whether the drug is safe to use and what side-effects it can possibly cause.
    - - Taking healthy organisms from a container of clean water and placing into one containing the same water with the drug.
  - - - It is to determine how much is the safe amount to give someone and for how long before possible side effects.
    - - For Tablets you use the strength required divided by what you’ve got to decide how much you need to take.
  - - - A substance that does not have a therapeutic effect. It is used as a control in testing new drugs.
    - - The studies are called “double-blind” and “placebo-controlled”
- - - - the likelihood of something causing disease and injury
    - - How you choose to live ye life
    - - a link of relationship between two things or a pattern in data eg. a chart shows the amount of smokers and another shows the amount of peeps with cancer and the lines and the same see photo
- - - - Parkinson's disease
      - autoimmune diseases
      - strokes
      - most heart diseases
      - most cancers
      - diabetes
      - chronic kidney disease
      - osteoarthritis
      - osteoporosis
      - Alzheimer's disease
      - cataracts, and others.
- - - - Type 2 diabetes is a common condition
        that causes the level of sugar
        (glucose) in the blood to become too high
    - - Cardiovascular disease. Over time, unmanaged blood sugar can damage your arteries
      - Stroke. Most strokes occur when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the brain
      - Vision problems
      - Foot ulcers
      - Nerve damage
      - Gastroparesis
      - Kidney damage
      - Mental health
- - - - Raw or undercooked meat and poultry or related products (e.g. gravy)
      - Raw seafood products
      - Unpasteurised milk or products made from it (e.g. cheese)
      - Contaminated water (big source)
    - - Diarrhoea (can be bloody)
      - Vomiting
      - Abdominal pain
      - Fever
      - Kidney failure
- - - - heart disease
      - stroke
      - lung diseases
      - diabetes
      - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
      - cancer :arrow_down:
    - - Causes the baby to not
        have enough oxygen
        
        The baby is unlikely
        to live
    - - What is it?
        
        Tar is a dark brown or black viscous
        liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon
      - The tar in smoking will destroy
        the silia so the mucus in you
        lungs can not be cleared
        
        This then makes your breathing
        worse and so on...
    - - Chemicals in cigarettes make
        the walls of your arteries sticky
        
        This causes fatty material to stick to the
        walls reducing the blood flow so you then DIE! :skull_and_crossbones: