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Older Adult Patient - Coggle Diagram
Older Adult Patient
GERD
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regurgitation/back-flow of stomach contents into the esophagus causes irritation, inflammation, and possible eroding of esophageal tissue
Causes
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Increased fat, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, or chocolate intake
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Certain meds: beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, antihistamines, and estrogen
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Diagnosis
Look at family history (positive family hx, father had GERD)
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Atrial Fibrillation
Pathophysiology
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These abnormal impulses cause the atria of the heart to "quiver", resulting in an incomplete beat
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Risks
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The plaque that breaks off puts the patient at risk for CVA, MI, and PE
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Signs & Symptoms
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Rapid, irregular heart beat
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Hypertension
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Pathophysiology
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RAAS
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ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) from the lungs converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor
Aldosterone is released which causes the kidneys to retain Na+ and H2O, causing a further increase in blood pressure
Aldosterone causes K+ loss so the blood pressure rises even further from the closure of K+ ion channels in the arteriolar walls
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