TOPIC 2: INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR, VALUES AND PERSONALITY
Personality in Organizations
Values in the Workplace
M - Motivation.
A - Ability.
R - Role Perception.
S - Situational Factors.
MARS Model of Individual Behavior and Results
ROLE PERCEPTION
ABILITY
The forces within a person that affects his or her direction, intensity and persistence of voluntary behavior.
SITUATIONAL FACTOR
MOTIVATION
Persistence
Intensity
Direction
The path along which people engage their effort
The amount of effort allocated to the goal
Continuing the effort for a certain amount of time.
The natural tendency and learned capabilities needed to complete a task successfully.
Aptitudes
Competencies
Learned capabilities
Person-job matching
Natural talent that helps people learn more efficiently and perform effectively.
Accomplished skills and knowledge.
Abilities, individual values, personality traits and other features of people that result in superior performance.
3 ways to match people with jobs
Developing employee abilities through training.
Redesigning job to fit person's existing abilities
Selecting qualified people.
Job description vs. Job specification
Job specification
Job description
The extent to which people understand the job duties (roles) assigned to them or expected of them.
3 components
Employees understand the priority of their various tasks and performance expectations.
Employees understand the preferred behaviors or procedures for accomplishing the assigned tasks.
Employees have accurate role perceptions when they understand the specific tasks assigned to them
The environmental conditions like given time bound, team members, budget, and work facilities that limits or facilitates behavior.
External Factors
Internal Factors
Can be control by people within the organization.
Beyond the employee’s and organization’s control
Internal practices
Leadership
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Organizational policies
Procedures
Consumer preferences
Economic conditions