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TOPIC 4: X-RAY SYSTEM (GENERATOR) - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 4: X-RAY SYSTEM (GENERATOR)
Transformer
basic principle
A high voltage power supply is an important component of an X-ray generation system. When we say high voltage supply, we need to differentiate from that of commercial electricity. Keep in mind that the filament uses a relatively small voltage supply to cause small currents (mV) in the filament, while the anode of the tube requires a large voltage supply to maintain a high positive charge for the acceleration of the electrons. Commercial power is commonly available as 110 volts, 220, or 440 volts. X-ray systems require very high voltages commonly in the range from 5 kilovolts (kV) to as much as 400 kV or more. So how can we supply low voltage to the filament, and high voltage to the anode? This is accomplished by using a transformer. A transformer will allow us to supply the proper voltages to the filament and anode. The next question we need to answer would be what is a transformer and how does it work?
function
modify the voltage of incoming alternating-current (AC)
electromagnetic induction
High-voltage step-up transformers
supplying the x-ray tube voltage
Low-voltage step-down transformers
supplying power to the filament circuit
transformer
comprised of two sets of windings (coiled conductors)
secondary windings
connected to a load
primaries
connected to a power supply
types of transformers
step-down
step-up
electromagnetic devices that allow a voltage of alternating current to be changed either increase or decrease
X-ray generator
function
Modify incoming voltage and current to provide an X-ray tube with the power needed to produce an X-ray beam of the desired peak kilovoltage (kVp) and current (mA)
Supplies continuous power to the x-ray tube for fluoroscopic examinations, and its switching and timing devices ensure proper timing for discrete radiographic exposures
composed of
transformer
control panel
circuit
Control panel
function