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Geography Unit 1 - Coggle Diagram
Geography Unit 1
Earthquakes
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epicenter is point on the surface above the focus, most damage here
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Kobe
january 17th, 1995 5:46am
Philippines plate colliding with and subducting beneath Eurasian plate a fault line that underlies Kobe
6434 deaths, 40000 injured, broken infrastructure, 80% of quay destroyed, 80% of houses in main area were made unlivable
Haiti
Magnitude: 7mw, 4.5mw aftershocks days later
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220,000-316,000 deaths, 300,000 injured, overall 3.5million people affected
1.5 left homeless, damaged airport and most roads and ports. destroyed 106,000 homes
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Classification of Hazard
Natural Hazard: Natural hazards occur due to processes within our environment and potentially affect people and property. convection currents and energy form sun causes
Geomorphic Hazards: driven by geological processes, tectonic plates (tsunami, earthquake, volcano)
Atmospheric hazards: driven my earths atmosphere and involves climate and weather. (cyclone, hurricane, tornado)
Hydrological Hazard: earths hydrological processes, water cycle (avalanches, blizzards, floods)
Human Hazards: These hazards occur due to exposure to hazardous substances, such as oil, toxic waste, acid rain, nuclear waste and weapons and can cause injury, illness and death.
Ecological Hazard: A biological or chemical hazard that has the potential to impact adversely on the wellbeing of people or on the environment. eg infectious disease, animal transmitted disease.
Hazards
the earth consists of the hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere
a hazard is a potential source of harm to a person, community, property or infrastructure
A disaster is a catastrophic event that causes serious disruption to a particular community’s functions
3 factors of a disaster: severely damage and endanger lives, impact a significant amount of people, vulnerability
MEDCs are more capable of protecting people from harm due to their ability to provide preventative measures (Australia). unlike haiti and LEDC
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Distribution of Hazard
Spatial Distribution: refers to how features or objects are arranged on the Earth’s surface. Refers to physical location of a hazard. Uniform: Each point is spaced with relatively equal distance. Random: no direct correlation between each point. Clustered: Each point is related to each other as they form a pattern.
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Physical Factors: factor determining earthquake vulnerability is proximity which is the physical closeness to the hazard
Human Factors: location near fault lines (building infrastructure in earthquake prone areas. building weak buildings. Economic stability makes people less able to afford stable housing, education, government, technology