Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

SEIZURE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Focal unaware (complex partial)
        
        May have post-ictal drowsiness, confusion
        
        Generally last 1-2 minutes
        
        Aura + become unaware of surroundings: may have memory loss, automatisms (lip smacking, fumbling, wandering)
      - Focal aware (simple partial)
        
        Aura without altered awareness
        
        i.e. abnormal motor, sensory, autonomic or psychic experience
        
        Todd's paralysis (weakness of limbs) may follow
  - - - Convulsive
        
        Tonic clonic (grand mal)
        
        Aura / loss of consciousness and phasic tonic stiffening of limbs (10-60s) followed by repetitive clonic jerking (s-mins)
        
        Tonic: rigidity, epileptic cry, tongue biting, incontinence, hypoxia/ cyanosis
        
        Clonic: convulsions, eye-rolling, tachycardia, difficulty breathing
        
        Post-ictal drowsiness, confusion, headache
        
        Myoclonic
        
        Brief, shock-like jerking of muscles where patient remains aware. Often affects upper limbs and worse in morning: spill drink, drop toothbrush
        
        May progress to tonic-clonic
        
        Tonic
        
        Greatly increased tone across the whole body; often fall
        
        Clonic
        
        Rapid alternating contraction and relaxation of muscle
      - Non-convulsive
        
        Atonic
        
        Sudden brief loss of muscle tone
        
        Absence (petitie mal)
        
        Abrupt cessation of activity and responsiveness lasting 5-15s
        
        Minimal associated movements, no aura or post-ictal state
        
        Associated with cognitive impairment but tend to resolve by adulthood
- - - - Hypo/hyperglycaemia, low Na+/ Ca+2, uraemia
    - - Congenital, neoplasm, trauma
    - - Sepsis, encephalitis, meningitis
  - - - Intracerebral haemorrhage, SAH, SDH, stoke