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Unit 2: Ecology - The Science of Organisms and Their Environment - Coggle…
Unit 2: Ecology - The Science of Organisms and Their Environment
Chapter 5 - Ecosystems: Energy Patterns and Disturbances
Yellowstone Case Study
Fire of 1988
Ecosystem Characteristics
Trophic levels
Producers/Consumers
Food Chains and Webs
Disturbances
Primary vs Secondary vs Aquatic Succession
Resilience and tipping points
What can we do?
Restoration and Managment
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Chapter 6 - Wild Species and Biodiversity
Case Study : Sundarbans River Dolphin
Biologic Wealth
Instrumental value - value for humans
Intrinsic value - value for own sake
Biodiversity in the tropics
species are less likely to go extinct
Environment is more stable - same numbers of day/night, more rain, warm
Specilaziation
Evolution happens faster
More species near the tropics
More niches
Bidiversity Decline
Habitat Destruction/ loss - greatest source of loss
Conversion, Fragmentation, Simplification, Intrusion of other species
Introduction of Invasive Species
Population - human abundance
Pollution
Chemical, Biological, Physical
Over-Exploitation
Consequences
Loss of Ecosystem services
Kestone Species
Aesthetics and nature based tourism
K vs R stratigists
Many unknowns
Conservation, Endangered Species Legislation, Acts and International Efforts
Chapter 7 - Value, Use, and Restoration of Ecosystems
Ecosystem Capital
Maximum Sustainable yield
Rate of use that a system can match with rate of replacement
applied to park maintenance
optimal population
precautionary principle
Conservation vs Preservation
Ecosystem use : Consumptive vs Productive
Managing Land and Ecosystems
Restoration Ecology
Case Study - Flordia Everglades
Ecosystem under pressure - Marine and forest systems
Global Forest Resource Assessment : 6 findings
Consequences of Deforestation
Palmoil plantations
Sustainable trends in tropical forests
Marine Fisheries - overexploitation, MSY, depletion
Bottom trawling
marine reserves
Aquaculture
coral reef bleaching
Protection By Law
Wilderness
Natyional Parks and Wildlife refuges
National forests
Non Federal lands
Chapters 8 & 9 - The Human Population and Development
Demography
Revolution promoting population growth
Neolithic Revolution, Industrial revolution, medical revolution, green revolution, environmental revolution
Population and consumption
Rich Middle income and Poor nations
Social and environment consequences of rapid population growth
Total Fertility rate
Replacement level fertility
Environmental Footprint
Formula for human inmact on environment
I=PAT and I=PAT/S
Affluence and poverty - good and bad for environment
Demographic Transition
Poverty cycle/ poverty trap
How to decrease fertility rates
Millennium development goals