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Picture1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - increasing age (> 50 y/o)
      - family history of PAD, heart disease or stroke
      - DM type 2
    - - obesity
      - high BP, high cholesterol
      - smoking
  - - - aspirin (NSAIDS)
      - insulin (control glucose)
      - statins
      - betablockers: carvedilol
    - - smoking cessation
      - exercise
- - - - anticoagulants (heparin)
      - stents placed to increase blood flow
      - NSAIDS: aspirin
    - - Limit alcohol consumption
      - Control stress and anger
      - Decrease fat in diet
  - - - Quit smoking
      - Exercise regularly
      - Lose excess weight
    - - family history/ genetics
      - gender and ethnicity
      - age
- - - - Metformin: Fortamet, Glumetza
      - Sulfonylureas: Glucotrol, Glynase, Amaryl
      - Insulin therapy
    - - Regular aerobic exercise
      - Weight loss
      - Blood sugar monitoring
  - - - Sedentary lifestyle
      - Fat distribution
      - Obesity
    - - Race and ethnicity
      - Age
      - Family history
- - - - NSAIDS (aspirin)
      - steroids (prenisone)
      - colchicine
    - - weight loss
      - diet modification (milk decreases uricemia), increased protein and unsaturated fats
  - - - avoid alcohol (beer)
      - restrict meat and seafood intake
      - obesity
    - - medical condition; HTN
      - age and sex
      - family history (genetic)
- - - - Drinking too much alcohol
      - Smoking
      - Not eating a nutritious diet
        
        Eating foods with saturated or trans fats
      - Sedentary lifestyle
      - Overweight
    - - Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
      - Family history of high cholesterol
      - Hypothyroidism
  - - - Omega-3 fatty acid supplements
      - Bile-acid-binding resins: cholestyramine, colesevelam
      - Cholesterol-lowering: Atorvastatin, lovastatin
    - - Stop smoking
      - Eat heart healthy diet (DASH diet)
      - Maintain healthy weight
- - - - Aspirin
      - Beta blockers: Carvedilol
      - cholesterol-modifying drugs: statins
      - Ranolazine
      - Nitroglycerin
    - - lose excess weight
      - exercise reguarly
      - reduce stress
      - eat healthy foods
  - - - smoking
      - obesity
      - stress
    - - 50 y/o
      - family history
- - - - Beta blockers: Atenolol, Acebutolol
      - Aldosterone Antagonists: Inspra, Spironolactone
      - Alpha blockers: Cardura, Minipress
    - - Eat healthy diet (less salt)
      - Maintain healthy weight
      - Monitor blood pressure at home
      - limit alcohol intake
  - - - obesity
      - too much alcohol
      - physical inactivity
      - tobacco use
    - - age and sex
      - race or ethnicity (higher risk in Black people, Hispanics, Asians, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, or Alaska Natives)
      - family history
      - Diabetes Mellitus
- - - - nutritional supplements and minerals
        
        k-phos neutral and potassium chloride
      - insulin (glucose control in tx diabetes)
    - - physical therapy
      - occupational therapy
      - alcohol cessation
  - - - Vitamin deficiency
      - alcohol use
    - - infections (Hep B+C)
      - DM type 2
- - - - Proton Pump Inhibitors
      - Prokinetic Medications: Bethanechol (Urecholine)
      - H2 Receptor Antagonists
      - Metoclopromide (Reglan)
      - Antacids
    - - don't lie down after eating meal
      - eat food slowly and chew thouroughlly
      - elevate HOB 30 degrees
  - - - smoking
      - eating large meals late at night
      - obesity
    - - connective tissue disorder (scleroderma)
      - pregnancy
      - delayed stomach emptying
- - - - Coffee
      - NSAID use
      - Cigarette cessation
      - Diet
        
        Consume 6 small meals or hourly meals with sufficient intake of fluids
        
        Avoid bedtime snacks – avoid increase pressure and distension
        
        Bland diet – mild, non-irritating
        
        Avoid irritants: spices, caffeine, alcohol use
    - - Past history of PUD
      - Age
      - Genetics
  - - - PPIS: omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole
      - H-2 blockers: cimetidine, nizatidine, famotidine
      - Antibiotic meds to kill H. Pylori: (amoxicillin, biaxin, flagyl, tindamax)
    - - Reduce stressors
      - Eat lighter meals
      - Dietary management (bland diet)
      - Avoid overuse of painkillers
- - - - B-adrengergic blockers
      - prostaglandin analogues
      - carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    - - take eyedrops
      - exercise
      - wear eye protection
  - - - get regular dilated eye examinations
      - obese
    - - asian ethnicity
      - female sex
      - genetic
      - older age
- - - - Ca2+ channel blocker: Amlodipine (Norvasc)
        -Dilates blood vessels
    - - cataract surgery
      - use magnifying lens for reading and close-up activities
      - wear anti-glare sunglasses
  - - - heavy alcohol use
      - excessive exposure to UV light
      - cataracts
      - nutritional deficiency
      - high blood pressure
    - - family history
      - diabetes
      - autoimmune disease