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CHAPTER 3: STEAM DISTRIBUTION & UTILIZATIONS - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 3:
STEAM DISTRIBUTION & UTILIZATIONS
INTRODUCTION
Known as H20
Function
To be the transport and provision of energy
Benefits
Flexible
Easy to distribute
Efficient and economic to generate
Easily transferred to the process
STEAM COMPONENTS
PIPES
Flow
DRAIN POINTS
Makesure that condensate can reach steam trap
BRANCH LINES
Take steam away from steam main
SEPARATORS
remove suspended water droplets from steam
STEAM TRAPS
Condensate is removed from the steam system, allowing the steam to reach its destination as dry as possible.
AIR VENTS
to remove air from the steam
CONDENSATE RECOVERY
Reuse in boiler feed tank, deaerator or as hot process water
STRAINERS
stop scale, dirt and other solids in flowing liquids or gases
INSULATION
Low thermal conductor that prevents heat transfer to or from the external environment, keeping warm air confined within or outside a system.
FILTERS
Eliminate smaller particles
TYPE OF STEAM
Saturated steam
applies to steam when all of its water molecules are gaseous. It's a colourless gas.
Unsaturated steam
When a portion of the water molecules in steam give up their energy and condense to form tiny water droplets, this is referred to as condensation.
Superheated steam
created by heating wet or saturated steam beyond the saturation point At the same pressure, this produces steam with a higher temperature and lower density than saturated steam.
Operation of Steam Distribution System
STARTING LOAD
Because the pipework is initially cooler than the steam, steam will immediately begin to condense when it comes into contact with the cooler pipes.
The condensing rate will be at its maximum upon system startup due to the maximum temperature difference between the steam and the pipework.
RUNNING LOAD
The temperature difference is minimal once the pipework has warmed up, but some condensation will occur
as the pipework continues to transfer heat to the surrounding air, which is cooler than steam.