Ketone
Created by
Oxidation of Alkene
Alkene + KMnO4 -> Ketone
Condition: KMnO4 needs to be hot and Alkene must have 2 alkyl groups
KMnO4 turns from purple to colourless
Oxidation of secondary alcohol
Secondary alcohol + oxidising agent -> ketone + water
Condition: heated under reflux
Regeant used is Acidified Potassium Dichromate (VI) or Acidified Potassium Manganate
Potassium Dicchromate turns from Orange to Green
Potassium Manganate turns from Purple to Colourless
Reduction
Ketone + reducing agent -> secondary alcohol
Reagent used is NaBH4 or LiAlH4 and in dry ether
Iodoform Test
Ketone + I2 -> Sodium Salt + Iodoform
Condition: Iodine is in Alkaline Solution, NaOH
Yellow precipitate can be observed
Condensation
Requires 2,4-DNPH
Orange precipitate can be observed
Nucleophilic Addition
Ketone + HCN -> Hydroxycyanide
Condition: requires heat, KCN as catalyst
Examples
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