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The Postwar and The “Cold War”, The United States landed the first human…
The Postwar and The “Cold War”
THE RISE OF ARABS
The Arab League was formed for the purpose of cooperation and defense.
A movement of identity and revindication achieved the independence and regrouping of several countries of the Islamic majority.
Iraq and Iran emerged.
ECONOMIC GROWTH
The United States carried out the Marshall Plan: This served to reactivate European economies and rebuild the industrial centers of its war allies.
Allies: Germany and Italy
Objective of the Marshall Plan:
Support capitalism and prevent the influence of communism from growing.
THE PEOPLE´S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
1920: It was ruled by Komitang, led by Chiang Kaishek. But he faced opposition from the Communist Party which, led by Mao Zedong.
Mao Zedong resisted the Japanese invaders.
1949: The "People's Republic of China" is proclaimed and Mao becomes president.
China suffered: the economic penetration of the Western powers, the Japanese invasion and the civil war.
THE COLD WAR
The arms race:
The USSR had the atomic bomb.
The United States built the hydrogen bomb, the Soviets also.
The two countries, together with Great Britain and France, formed a nuclear arsenal that could destroy the world in a few hours.
Space race
The USSR launched the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 and the first woman Valentina Tereshkova.
CUBA
1962: when the USSR had installed rockets in Cuba that could reach North American territory, a crisis occurred that was close to war.
-They signed an agreement not to attack Cuba.
KOREAN
1950: War breaks out in Korea that ends with the division of the peninsula into two republics: to the north, the communist, and to the south, the capitalist, supported by the United States.
THE IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT
The Americans and their allies defended capitalism with an open economy.
The Soviets advocated a centralized economy and collective property, which tended to a fair distribution of resources.
VIETNAM
The country was divided between the communist north and the capitalist south.
The forces of North Vietnam and the Viet Cong led by Ho Chi Min, faced US army that carried out massive attacks and saturation bombings.
1975: The United States loses and withdraws its troops.
A few weeks later, the government is unified with a non-communist government.
The United States landed the first human (Neil Armstrong) on the moon with Apollo 11.