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A Global Conflict - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The narrow sea strait was the gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople. By securing the Dardanelles, the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople, defeat the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia.
        
        Why did the Allies want to establish a supply line to Russia?
        
        They wanted to establish a supply line to Russia so that they could close in on Germany from both the east and the west to put them in a harder position.
    - - British, Australian, New Zealand, and French troops made repeated assaults on the Gallipoli Peninsula on the western side of the strait.
        
        Both sides dug trenches where they battled for the rest of the year
        
        Allies gave up the campaign and began to evacuate. They had suffered about 250,000 casualties.
        
        Trench Warfare
      - Turkish troops, some commanded by German officers, vigorously defended the region.
  - - - English and French troops attacked Germany’s four African possessions and seized control of three.
    - - Some colonial subjects wanted nothing to do with their European rulers’ conflicts. Others volunteered in the hope that service would lead to their independence.
  - - - There was also a new policy called unrestricted submarine warfare.
        
        The sinking of the Lusitania really triggered America to join the war because 128 Americans were killed.
        
        In February 1917, another German action pushed the United States closer to war.
        
        The Zimmermann note simply proved to be the last straw. A large part of the American population already favored the Allies. In particular, America felt a bond with England.
        
        The United States entered the war on the side of the Allies.
        
        How did the Zimmerman Note draw America into the war?
        
        The Zimmerman Note drew America in to the war because the note was a plan to renew unrestricted submarine warfare and to form an alliance with Mexico and Japan if the United States declared war on Germany. This caused a huge outrage in America to give them more motivation to join the war.
        
        Submarine Warfare
- - - - The Great War affected everyone. Touched not only soldiers in the trenches but civilians as well
        
        They censored news about the war. Many leaders feared that honest reporting of the war would turn people against it
        
        Total war meant that governments turned to help from women as never before
        
        Thousands of women replaced men in factories, offices, and shops
        
        Women built tanks and munitions, plowed fields, paved streets, and ran hospitals. They also kept troops supplied with food, clothing, and weapons
        
        Most women left the work force when the war ended, they changed many people's views of what women were capable fo doing
        
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        Question: How did total war lead to rationing? Answer: Most goods and supplies were sent to the war so people at home had to ration what they had
  - - - World War 1 soon became a total war. Countries devoted all their resources to the war effort
        
        Numerous facilities were converted to munitions factories
        
        Nearly every able- bodied civilian was put to work. Unemployment in many European countries all but disappeared
  - - - In each country, the war time government took control of the economy
        
        Governments told factories what to produce and how much
        
        So many goods were in short supply that the governments turned to rationing
        
        Under this system, people could buy only small amounts of those items that were also needed for the war effort. Rationing covered a wide range of goods, from butter to shoe leather
        
        Question: Why did the wartime governments take control of their countries' economies?
        Answer: To make sure that all the resources would be dedicated to winning the war.
    - - Governments also used propaganda to keep up morale and support for the war
- - - - 5.5 million Russian soldiers had been wounded, killed, or taken prisoner. As a result, the war-weary Russian army refused to fight any longer.
        
        Lenin insisted on ending his country’s involvement in the war. Germany and Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which ended the war between them.
        
        What effect did the Russian Revolution have on Russia’s role in World War I?
        
        Russia made it so the Germans had to fight a two front war which made it incredibly hard for them to be successful. Without Russia being the other front, it's possible the Germans could've won the war earlier.
        
        Conflict
  - - - The German military had weakened. The effort to reach the Marne had exhausted men and supplies
        
        Soon, the Central Powers began to crumble. First the Bulgarians and then the Ottoman Turks surrendered.
        
        Revolution swept through Austria-Hungary. In Germany, soldiers mutinied, and the public turned on the kaiser.
        
        Germany declared itself a republic. A representative of the new German government met with French Commander Marshal Foch in a railway car near Paris. The two signed an armistice.
        
        Government Systems
        
        Revolutions in Austria-Hungary
        
        How did the surrender of the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the revolution in Austria-Hungary lead to the end of World War I?
        
        The surrenders and revolutions weakened the central powers and without them as a strong united front they had no chance of winning the war.
      - Russia Quits The War
- - - - Many lives got taken because of WWI, about 8.5 million soldiers died, another 21 million were also wounded
        
        In addition to those deaths, there were another bunch of civilians that died because of starvation, disease, and slaughter.
      - Technological advancements
    - - The great conflict
        drained the treasuries of European countries.
        
        One account put the total cost of the war at $338 billion. That is a huge amount of money today, but imagine that much money in that time!
  - - - Aftermath of WWI
        
        The enormous suffering that resulted from the Great War left deep mark on Western society as well. A sense of disillusionment settled over the survivors.
        
        Why might Westerners have experienced disillusionment in the wake of World War I?
        Answer: Because of the tremendous loss of life and economic devastation and also uselessness of all the suffering
        
        A peace agreement was made. The treaties to end WWI were forged after debate, and compromise
        
        While they sought to bring a new sense of security and peace to
        the world, they prompted mainly anger and resentment.
      - What strategies new to WWI probably contributed to the destruction of homes, villages, and farms?
        Answer: Trench and air warfare