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RENOVATION OF OLD BUILDINGS - Coggle Diagram

- - - - a2. Details about ownership
        
        Tenants, and income from rental, etc. should also be included.
      - a1. Information about the building
        
        The plot, building specifications, applicable regulations or bylaws, the age of building and any historical design features, the use of the building (domestic or commercial), and any other features of interest.
        
        A description of the building materials and the standard of the fittings, the technical building services, the framework, and structural characteristics.
    - - b1. Details of specific areas
        
        Façades;
        
        Roof;
        
        Stairs;
        
        Cellar.
        
        Individual rooms;
      - b2. Significant defective areas
- - - - It should be checked for rust. It is common to find that the existing heating and sanitation are unusable and that underground lines and house connections damaged possibly are or underdesigned.
    - - The main defects encountered in half-timbered buildings appear in verges, eaves and roof connections, gutters and downpipes, connections on window plinths and other timber joints, where dry rot, fungal growth, mould, insects and water penetration can all cause problems.
    - - Which may be either ashlar or 'rubble' construction, the main problems are with bulging/bowing of the walls, often accompanied by cracking, defective pointing, erosion and decay of the stones.
    - - There are effective restoration techniques to deal with these problems but it is important to understand the cause of the damage in order to make the repairs completely effective. If there are clearly major defects professional advice should be sought.
- - - - Historically, the material used for roof construction in most parts of the world has been wood and all forms of roof truss are still based on triangular bracing in many different Odesigns.
      - A thorough knowledge of the load distribution is required before carrying out roof renovation.
    - - Where there is no cellar below, it is recommended that existing floor coverings with no heat insulation or damp proof membrane be renewed with a completely new structure.
  - - - Repair only what can be repaired.
    - - There are many types of design and materials used for internal stairs although the most common material used is wood.
    - - External stairs are mostly made of natural stone normally serve to reach floor levels on plinths. Worn down stone steps can sometimes be restored if they are reversed and dressed underneath.
  - - - Improvement in sanitary facilities is one of the most important modernisation tasks.
      - Panning of the new solutions should be highly sympathetic to the existing layout and then coordinated with the technical necessities.
      - Walls and floors must be planned and installed with care
    - - Faultyor missing vapour barriers mainly on outer walls with internal insulation can also lead to condensation forming in the structure.
      - The most serious damage to be avoided is that associated with leaks around showers and baths.