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Steam engine, Second industrial Revolution, Third industrial revolution,…
Steam engine
how works:
2) the water into the kettle boils and it's transformed into steam
3) steam passes thruogh the pipes to reach cylinder. Into the cylinder the pression moves the piston (RECIPROCATING MOTION)
1) coal burns into the fire chamber
4) the crankshaft makes the wheel rotate (ROTATION MOTION)
invented by
improved by James Watt in 1769
George Stephenson adapted the steam engine to railways in 1829
Thomas Newcomen: first inventor in 1705
it completely revolutioned our society: it opened new avenues of trade, causes migration of people into industries cities
Second industrial Revolution
was a period of rapid industrial development, primarily in the United Kingdom; it was a phase of rapid standardization and industrialization from the late 19th century into the early 20th century.
The Second Industrial Revolution continued into the 20th century with early factory electrification and the production line, and ended at the beginning of World War I.
Main inventions: railways and telegraph;
the enormous expansion of rail and telegraph lines after 1870 allowed unprecedented movement of people and ideas
The Great Exibition:
it is considered the first universal exhibition and took place in Hyde Park from 1 May to 15 October 1851
It was made by Queen Victoria to show all the world the superiority of England
The exhibits included almost every marvel of the Victorian age, including pottery, porcelain, ironwork, furniture, perfumes, pianos, firearms, fabrics, steam hammers, hydraulic presses and even the odd house or two.
Crystal Palace: was a huge Victorian-style glass building which was erected in London in 1851 to house the first Universal Exhibition. It was one of the most famous examples of iron architecture and inspired the construction of many other buildings, often baptized in the same way.
Third industrial revolution
It's also called "Computer Revolution" because it marks the evolution from analog machineries to digital machineries. It took place in the 20th century (1950)
Changes
1) things can be done faster and easier
2) automation of different process
3) easier and faster connection between factories and businesses
4) it burns an international market
5) communication is faster and easier
6) it cause technological, economic and social changes
Exemple of digital devices:
computer
television
digitale camera
calculator
....
Advent of the internet
it a faster way of communication
with internet distances are completely eliminated
internet is a new search of information
it creates new web opportunities
Internet vs Railway
they were both turning point:
railways was the turning point of the 2° industrial revolution because with the introduction of the railways the distances are reduced;
internet was the turning point of the 3° industrial revolution because with the introduction of the internet the distances are completely cancelled