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ALDEHYDES, PRODUCTION OF ALDEHYDES, 2P+7R - Coggle Diagram
ALDEHYDES
REDUCTION
Using NaBH4(aq) as reducing agent
Aldehyde must be in a warm state
Using dissolved LiAlH4 on dry ether (room temperature)
NECLEOPHILIC ADDITION
Aldehyde + HCN --> Hydroxynitrile
Conditions:
Aldehyde must be mixed with KCN in water and acidified with H2SO4
CONDENSATION
Fehling's Reagent
Conditions:
Aldehyde must at first be heated with Fehling's reagent
Observations:
Red/Orange precipitate from Cu2O
Tollen's reagent
Condition:
Aldehyde must at first be heated with Tollen's reagant.
Observations:
Silver mirror precipitate formed
Oxidation
Aldehydes readily oxidize under mild conditions
Reactions to Tri-iodomethane
Ethanal -> Intermediate -> Tri-iodomethane
PRODUCTION OF ALDEHYDES
Oxidation of primary alcohol (K2Cr2O7)
Oxidation of alkenes with hot conc. KMnO4
2P+7R