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the revolution brings reform and terror - Coggle Diagram
the revolution brings reform and terror
The revolutionary government of France made reforms but also used terror and
violence to retain power.
Peasants were not the only members of French society
to feel the Great Fear. Nobles and officers of the Church were equally afraid
revolutions and protests where out of control
The Assembly Reforms France
noblemen made grand speeches, declaring their love of liberty and equality. Motivated more by fear than by idealism,
august 4 1989
by morning the old regime was dead
The Rights of Man
Three weeks later, the National Assembly adopted a statement
of revolutionary ideals, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
“men are born and remain free and equal in rights.”
Such sentiments, however, did not
apply to women
A State-Controlled Church
The assembly took over Church lands and declared that
Church officials and priests were to be elected and paid as state officials
some people believed that the pope should rule over a church independent of the state. From this time on, many
peasants opposed the assembly’s reforms.
Then, in June 1791, the royal
family tried to escape from France without success
which influenced, Louis radical enemies in the government
and sealed his fate
Divisions Develop
By
1791, the delegates had made significant changes in France’s government and society
A Limited Monarchy
king but legislative assembly
Factions Split France
old
problems, such as food shortages and government debt, remained
Legislative Assembly to split into three general
groups
moderates
conservatives
radicals
In addition, factions outside the Legislative Assembly wanted to influence the
direction of the government too
War and Execution
Austria and Prussia, for example, urged the French to restore Louis to his position as an absolute monarch.
The Legislative Assembly responded by declaring war in April 1792.
because of fear radicals generate a revolutional spirit on their countries
Great Britain, Holland, and Spain joined
Prussia and Austria against France
France at War
The Prussian commander threatened to destroy Paris if the
revolutionaries harmed any member of the royal family
Many nobles,
priests, and royalist sympathizers fell victim to the angry mobs in these September Massacre
Under pressure from radicals in the streets and among its
members
the Legislative Assembly set aside the Constitution
of 1791. It declared the king deposed, dissolved the assembly
new government: National Convention
declared france a republic
women where not giving a vote
most participants where radicals
On January 21, 1793, the former king walked with calm dignity up the steps of the scaffold to be beheaded by a machine called the guillotine
The Terror Grips France
the french republic had a lot of enemies
In the early months of 1793, one Jacobin leader,
Maximilien Robespierre gained power
set out to build a “republic of virtue” by wiping out every trace of
France’s past
, they changed the calendar, dividing the year
into 12 months of 30 days and renaming each month without sundays because they where symbols of religion
close churches on Paris
became leader of the Committee of Public Safety
govern france as a dictator
the reign of terror
he caught people in the morning and on the afternoon he executed them
he saw a connection between virtue and terror
Thousands of
unknown people also were sent to their deaths
About 85 percent were peasants or members of the urban poor or middle class—
for whose benefit the Revolution had been launched.
End of the Terror
In July 1794, fearing for their own safety, some members of the National
Convention turned on Robespierre
the Reign of Terror, the radical phase of the French Revolution, ended on July 28,
1794, when Robespierre went to the guillotine.
In 1795, moderate leaders in the
National Convention drafted a new plan of government
known as the Directory