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VOCAB DIARY - Coggle Diagram
VOCAB DIARY
Kikuji Kawada
Drawn: looking strained from illness, exhaustion, anxiety, or pain.
Etymology: Old English dragan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dragen and German tragen, also to draught.
Example: My grandma's face was drawn from skin cancer.
Stain: mark or discolour with something that is not easily removed
Example: The floor was stained with blood and although I scrubbed it countless of times, it wouldn't go away.
Etymology: late Middle English (as a verb): shortening of archaic distain, from Old French desteindre ‘tinge with a colour different from the natural one’. The noun was first recorded (mid 16th century) in the sense ‘defilement, disgrace’.
Vaporised: convert or be converted into vapour.
Etymology: also vaporisation, 1788, noun of action from vaporize. In same sense Middle English had vaporacioun (late 14c.).
Example: Water soonly got vaporised under the burning sun.
Shattered: very upset
Etymology: Middle English (in the sense ‘scatter, disperse’): perhaps imitative; compare with scatter.
Example: She was shattered after seeing her boyfriend with another girl.
Delve: reach inside a receptacle and search for something
Etymology: Old English delfan ‘dig’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch delven .
Example: If a person ever were to delve deeper on the Internet, they would be surprised of what they've found.
Crumpled: crushed to form creases and wrinkles.
Etymology: early 14c., cromplen, crumplen, "press into irregular folds, rumple, wrinkle," also intransitive, "contract into wrinkles, shrink, shrivel," frequentative of crumpen "to curl up" (from Old English crump "bent, crooked"),
Example: Old books with crumpled pages always seemed so mysterious for me.
Resonant: deep, clear, and continuing to sound or reverberate.
1590s, of sound, "re-echoing," from Latin resonantem (nominative resonans), present participle of resonare "to sound again" (see resound). Of bodies or structures, "causing prolongation or reinforcement of sounds,"
Example: Our voices were resonant when we climbed up to the mountains.
Elusive: difficult to find, catch, or achieve.
Etymology: early 18th century: from Latin elus- ‘eluded’ (from the verb eludere ) + -ive.
Example: The moment you witness a shooting star would be elusive.
Ambivalence: the state of having two opposing feelings at the same time, or being uncertain about how you feel
Etymology: early 20th century: from ambivalence (from German Ambivalenz ), on the pattern of equivalent .
Example: The questions asked by the police left the suspect ambivalent.
Thrust: push suddenly or violently in a specified direction.
Etymology: Middle English (as a verb): from Old Norse thrýsta ; perhaps related to Latin trudere ‘to thrust’. The noun is first recorded (early 16th century) in the sense ‘act of pressing’.
Example: The dog thrusted itself onto me and I got scared.
Impressions
Swift: Happening quickly or promptly.
Etymology: Old English (as an adjective), from the Germanic base of Old English swīfan ‘move in a course, sweep’. The bird name dates from the mid 17th century.
Example: The cheetah runs swiftly to catch its prey.
kaleidoscope: a toy consisting of a tube containing mirrors and pieces of coloured glass or paper, whose reflections produce changing patterns when the tube is rotated.
Etymology: early 19th century: from Greek kalos ‘beautiful’ + eidos ‘form’ + -scope.
Example: My cousin's kaleidoscope had all the colors of the rainbow.
Eddying: (of water, air, or smoke) move in a circular way.
Etymology: late Middle English: probably from the Germanic base of the Old English prefix ed- ‘again, back’.
Example: Whirlpools are dangerous because their movement are eddying, making the victim swirl uncontrollably.
Compel: force or oblige (someone) to do something.
Etymology: late Middle English: from Latin compellere, from com- ‘together’ + pellere ‘drive’.
Example: My family compelled me to sleep at exactly 8 PM.
Writhing: making twisting, squirming movements or contortions of the body.
Etymology: Writhe wound its way into English from the Old English verb wrīthan ("to twist") and is akin to the Old English verb wrigian ("to turn or go").
Example: The tree kept writhing in the wind until it finally flew away.
Serene: calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Etymology: late Middle English (describing the weather or sky as ‘clear, fine, and calm’): from Latin serenus .
Example: There was a small house right next to the serene sea.
Gripping: firmly holding the attention or interest; exciting.
Etymology: grip (v.) Old English grippan "to grip, seize, obtain" (class I strong verb; past tense grap, past participle gripen), from West Germanic *greipanan (source also of Old High German gripfen "to rob," Old English gripan "to seize;" see gripe (v.)). Related: Gripped; gripping.
Example: Activities in the summer camp were gripping and most of the kids enjoyed them.
Drear: literary term for dreary.
Etymology: early 17th century: abbreviation.
Example: The drear woods have awakened a fright in me.
Tortuous: full of twists and turns.
Etymology: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin tortuosus, from tortus ‘twisting, a twist’, from Latin torquere ‘to twist’.
Example: The tortuous road was confusing and challenging to get across with an automobile.
Space Shuttle Challenger
Pioneer: A person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area.
Etymology: early 16th century (as a military term denoting a member of the infantry): from French pionnier ‘foot soldier, pioneer’, Old French paonier, from paon, from Latin pedo, pedon- (see pawn1).
Example: The Wright Brothers are the pioneers of early plane technology.
Anguish: Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Etymology: Middle English: via Old French from Latin angustia ‘tightness’, (plural) ‘straits, distress’, from angustus ‘narrow’.
Example: The things he faced with left him with trauma and anguish.
Diminish: Make or become less.
Etymology: late Middle English: blend of archaic minish ‘diminish’ (based on Latin minutia ‘smallness’) and obsolete diminue ‘speak disparagingly’ (based on Latin deminuere ‘lessen’ (in late Latin diminuere ), from minuere ‘make small’).
Example: Diminishing calorie intake may help with losing weight.
Profound: (of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense.
Etymology: Middle English: from Old French profund, from Latin profundus ‘deep’, from Latin pro ‘before’ + fundus ‘bottom’. The word was used earliest in the sense ‘showing deep insight’.
Example: Humans have profound emotions and connections to morality and being a good person.
Inadequate: Lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.
Etymology: 1610s, "equal to what is needed or desired, sufficient," from Latin adaequatus "equalized," past participle of adaequare "to make equal to, to level with," from ad "to" (see ad-) + The sense is of being "equal to what is required." It shares duty with enough, depending on the subject.
Example: Although they fit the criteria, the teachers find my essays inadequate.
Mourn: feel or show sorrow for the death of (someone), typically by following conventions such as the wearing of black clothes.
Etymology: Old English murnan, of Germanic origin.
Example: We still mourn the soldiers who lost their lives in Çanakkale.
Dazzle: (of a bright light) blind (a person or their eyes) temporarily.
Etymology: late 15th century (in the sense ‘be dazzled’): frequentative of the verb daze.
Example: She was dazzled by the toys inside the playground.
Takeoff: an instance of becoming airborne.
Etymology: takeoff (n.) also take-off, "caricature," colloquial, 1846, from earlier sense of "thing that detracts from something, drawback" (1826), from take (v.) + off (adv.).
Example: When the plane finally took off, my bladder got worse.
Dedication: the quality of being dedicated or committed to a task or purpose.
Etymology: late Middle English: from Latin dedicatio(n- ), from dedicare ‘devote, consecrate’ (see dedicate).
Example: The dedication in his eyes were still shining bright, though he could no longer work.
Bloody Mary
Unorthodox (un-orthodox): contrary to what is usual, traditional, or accepted; not orthodox.
Etymology: The Greek roots of unorthodox are orthos, or "right," and doxa, or "opinion." So someone whose beliefs are orthodox has "the right opinion," while an unorthodox person does not.
Example: His unorthodox ways were looked down on even around his family members.
Loitering (loiter-ing): Standing around without any purpose.
Etymology: Late Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch loteren ‘wag about’.
Example: The protesters started loitering the streets to prove a point on excessive consumption.
Drunkard (-drunk-ard): person who is frequently inebriated, one given to excessive use of strong drink.
Etymology: attested from late 13c. as a surname, Mauricius Druncard.
Example: The drunkard in the café was disturbing us until the security came in.
Repulse: Intense irritation that you want to go away.
Etymology: Early 15c., repulsen, "hold (something) back; drive (someone) away," from Latin repulsus, past participle of repellere "drive back, reject" (see repel). ... of repulsus, past participle of repellere "to drive back" (see repel).
Example: The little kid repulsed everyone in the store by showing his dirty diaper.
Tourniquet: An object (usually a cloth). used for stopping bleeding.
Etymology: late 17th century: from French, probably from Old French tournicle ‘coat of mail’, influenced by tourner ‘to turn’.
Example: The nurse said it is crucial to know how to make a tourniquet with your surroundings.
Consciousness (consci-ous-ness): The state of being awake and aware.
Etymology: Late 16th century (in the sense ‘being aware of wrongdoing’): from Latin conscius ‘knowing with others or in oneself’ (from conscire ‘be privy to’)
Example: I slipped while I took a shower and lost my consciousness.
Heart and Mind
Dull: lacking brightness, vividness, or sheen.
Etymology: Old English dol ‘stupid’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dol ‘crazy’ and German toll ‘mad, fantastic, wonderful’.
Example: The light of the fire was dull enough for the police to not see in the dark.
Babble: (of a flowing water) make a continuous murmuring sound.
Etymology: Middle English: from Middle Low German babbelen, or an independent English formation, as a frequentative based on the repeated syllable ba, typical of a child's early speech.
Example: The pidgeon babbled all night and kept everyone awake.
Drudgery: hard menial or dull work.
Etymology: From drudge (“person who works in a low servile job”) + -ery (suffix meaning 'the art, craft, or practice of' forming nouns).
Example: The blacksmiths in the area are working in drudgery, only to gain enough money to feed their families.
Dwell: live in or at a specified place.
Etymology: Old English dwellan ‘lead astray, hinder, delay’ (in Middle English ‘tarry, remain in a place’), of Germanic origin; related to Middle Dutch dwellen ‘stun, perplex’ and Old Norse dvelja ‘delay, tarry, stay’.
Example: Moles dwell underground and dig their way through dirt.
Amber: a hard, transparent, yellowish-brown substance that was formed in ancient times from resin (= a substance produced by trees) and is used in jewellery
Etymology: The English word amber derives from Arabic ʿanbar عنبر (cognate with Middle Persian ambar) via Middle Latin ambar and Middle French ambre.
Example: There are ancient bugs that were trapped inside ambers for thousands of years.
Crone: an ugly old woman.
Etymology: Etymology. As a noun, crone entered the English language around the year 1390, deriving from the Anglo-French word carogne (an insult), itself deriving from the Old North French charogne, caroigne, meaning a disagreeable woman (literally meaning "carrion").
Example: Her husband didn't want her anymore, so everyone was calling her a crone.