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Chapter 9: Leadership and Decision Making - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 9: Leadership and Decision Making
9.1. Define leadership and distinguish it from management.
Leadership: The process and behaviors used by someone to motivate, inspire, and influence the behaviors of others.
5 types of power in leadership
Legitimate
Reward
Coercive
Referent
Expert
9.2. Summarize early approaches to the study of leadership
Important leadership traits:
Intelligence
Dominance
Self-confidence
Energy
Activity
Knowledge about the job
Leaders should engage in both task-focused and employee-focused behaviors to increase the performance and the motivation of their subordinate.
9.3. Discuss the concept of situational approaches to leadership
Four kinds behaviours that leaders should use
Directive leader behaviour
Supportive leader behaviour
Participative leader behaviour
Achievement-oriented leader behaviour
9.4. Describe transformational and charismatic perspect
Transformational leadership - Allowing a leader to recognize the need for change, to create change and to execute those changes effectively
Charismatic leadership - Leaders have self-confidence, communicate high expectations and express confidence in their confidence.
9.5. Identify and discuss leadership substitutes and neutral.
Leadership substitutes are individual, task, and organizational factors that tend to outweigh the need for a leader to initiate or direct employee performance.
Examples of leadership substitutes are:
Individual professionalism
Highly structured jobs
Explicit plans and goals
Group performance norms
9.6. Discuss leaders as coaches and examine gender and cross-cultural issues in leadership.
Coach: Selecting team members and provide direction, training and develop subordinates.
Culture encompasses international differences and diversity-based differences within one culture
The level of collectivism or individualism can affect a manager's leadership style
9.7. Describe strategic leadership, ethical leadership, and virtual leadership.
Strategic leadership - The leader's ability to lead change in the organization as well as enhance its competitiveness.
Ethical leadership - Maintaining high ethical standards for their own conduct, and to hold others in their organizations to the same standards
9.8. Relate leadership to decision making and discuss both rational behavioral perspectives on decision making
Decision making: Choosing one alternative from among several options
A programmed decision is one that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency
A nonprogrammed decision is one that is relatively unstructured and occur much less often
Six-steps of decision-making
Recognizing and defining the decision situation
Identifying alternatives
Evaluating alternatives
Selecting the best alternative
Implementing the chosen alternative
Following up and evaluating the results