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The First World War - Coggle Diagram

- - - - They built large armies as a symbol of national strength
    - - New weapons
      - More weapons
    - - Conscription (徵兵制)
        
        Every boy have to join the army
      - Build large army
    - - Britain and Germany were the chief rivals
      - Built faster, larger and more powerful battleships
  - - - They afraid if they disarm first then the other will attack
  - - - They believed war could bring glory to their countries
  - - - They believed that colonies were symbols of national power
    - - provide resources
        
        cheap labor and large overseas markets for European products
      - provide living space
        
        for growing population of the colonial powers
    - - relations among the European powers were worsened
      - It intensified the armaments race
  - - - wanted to take revenge on Germany
      - wanted to take back Alsace-Lorraine from Germany
    - - Pan-Slavism
      - Russia and Serbia were Slavic nations
      - Russia claimed herself the big brother of Slavic nations
        
        Russia supported Serbia's expansion in the Balkans
        
        Russia wanted to stop the expansion of Austria-Hungary in the region
    - - Pan-Germanism
        
        to unite all Germans in Europe to build a great German Empire
    - - wanted to expand to the Balkans to regain its national glory
        
        Came into conflict with Russia and Serbia
    - - intensified the tensions among the European powers
      - led to many conflicts in Europe
- - - - 1905-06
      - France & Germany quarreled over the control of Morocco
        
        Held conference to solve the conflict
        
        Britain, Russia and U.S. supported France
        
        Germany was only supported by Austria--Hungary
        
        Germany was forced to give away
    - - 1911
      - France & Germany quarreled over Morocco again
      - Germany was forced to give away again because France was supported by Britain & Russia
        
        It strengthened the alliance between France & Britain
      - Germany felt humiliated and was angry with these 3 power
  - - - Serbia was angry because she also wanted that
    - - Russia advised Serbia to accept it
  - - - 1912
      - Serbia & Bulgaria & Montenegro & Greece formed the Balkan League
        
        Aimed to control the remaining Turkish territories in the Balkans
        
        Declared war on the Ottoman Empire
        
        Ottoman Empire was defeated
      - Austria-Hungary insisted on forming a new country, Albania
        
        meant to stop Serbia from getting an outlet to the Adriatic Sea
      - Austro-Serbian relations further worsened
    - - 1913
      - Bulgaria was not satisfied with its gain in the First Balkan War
        
        It went to war with Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and the Ottoman Empire
        
        Bulgaria was defeated
        
        Serbia became more powerful
      - Austria-Hungary was alarmed and decided to crush Serbia
- - - - Schlieffen Plan
        
        To occupied Belgium then attack France
        
        took long time to occupy Belgium
      - The war on the Western Front turned into a stalemate
  - - - German submarines started to attack ships sailing to Britain
        
        American was killed on a British ship
        
        American-German relations got worse
    - - The allied powers signed a treaty with Italy and promised to give land
        
        Italy joined the Allied powers
  - - - Germany persuaded Mexico to form an alliance against the United States
        
        U.S. declared war on the Central powers
      - The entry of the United States strengthened the power of the Allied powers
  - - - Russia soldiers were poorly trained and equipped
        
        Russia was repeatedly defeated
      - Russia signed a treaty with Germany and withdrew from the war
    - - The entry of the United States broke the stalemate of the war
      - The allied powers were strengthened
      - The central power surrendered to the Allied Powers in 1918
- - - - Austria-Hungary
      - Germany
      - Ottoman Empire
    - - Bulgaria
  - - - Britain
      - France
      - Russia
      - Serbia
      - Belgium
      - Japan
    - - Italy (Changed its side)
    - - Romania
    - - Greece
      - China
      - U.S.
      - Canada
      - Portugal