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Europe Faces Revolutions - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Revolutions of 1848
  - - - However, the cause of Greek independence was popular with people around the world. Russians, for example, felt a connection to Greek Orthodox Christians, who were ruled by the Muslim Ottomans.
  - - - Nationalism
        
        Italy was showing pride for their country by trying to make things right and fix the chaos.
- - - - By the 1820s, many Russians believed that serfdom must end.
  - - - Freeing them would anger the landowners, whose support the czars needed to stay in power.
      - Were the peasants better off after the serfs were freed? Explain
        
        Instead of being tied to the lord the peasants also were not anymore.
  - - - Russia’s industries and transportation system failed to provide adequate supplies for the country’s troops. As a result, in 1856, Russia lost the war against the combined forces of France, Great Britain, Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire.
        
        Alexander ll decided to move Russia toward modernization and social change.
      - https://www.britannica.com/topic/serfdom
    - - It was the result of lack of development, they reformed to be able to compete with western Europe.
  - - - The first and boldest of Alexander’s reforms was a decree freeing the serfs in 1861.
    - - The government paid the nobles for their land. Each peasant community, on the other hand, had 49 years to pay the government for the land it had received.
    - - Alexander III and his ministers, however, encouraged industrial development to expand Russia’s power.
- - - - because of Louis-Napoleon’s policies, unemployment decreased in France, and the country experienced real prosperity.
    - - Link
    - - The first characteristic of Napoleon is that he was diligent to always be improving himself and acquiring knowledge that would help him in future tasks.
        Good General
        Efficient Organizer
  - - - Link
    - - Link)
- - - - Other liberals in large empires, such as the Hungarians in the Austrian Empire, wanted to split away and establish self-rule.
      - Nationalism was the belief that people should be loyal to their nation, It was not widespread until the 1800s. The rise of modern nationalism is tied to the spread of democratic ideas and the growth of an educated middle class.
      - When a nation had its own independent government, it became a nation-state. A nation-state defends the nation’s territory and way of life, and it represents the nation to the rest of the world. In Europe in 1815, only France, England, and Spain could be called nation-states.
      - People wanted to decide how they were governed, instead of having monarchs impose government on them.
- - - - mostly middle-class business leaders and merchants.
      - They wanted to give more power to elected parliaments, but only the educated and the landowners would vote.
      - https://www.liberalparty.org/LPofNY/policies-and-platform/brief-history-and-platform-of-the-liberal-party/
    - - favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people.
      - They believed that governments should practice the ideals of the French Revolution—liberty, equality, and brotherhood.
      - Some radicals believed in anarchism—a belief that government is harmful and not needed.
      - https://depts.washington.edu/moves/radical_votes.shtml
    - - usually wealthy property owners and nobility.
      - They argued for protecting the traditional monarchies of Europe.
      - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Conservative-Party-political-party-United-Kingdom
    - - They are different systems of government
    - - Leadership in how to run the government