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Socratic Method Introduction, Tips for Using Socratic Questioning:,…
Socratic Method Introduction
What is it?
Developed by the Greek philosopher, Socrates, the Socratic Method is a dialogue between teacher and students, instigated by the continual probing questions of the teacher, in a concerted effort to explore the underlying beliefs that shape the students views and opinions.
Pros
Gaining Active learning and listening skills.
Promotion of critical thinking skills
Learning how to be challenged and what to do when challenged
Discovering how to examine issues in-depth
Cons
Easy failure rate without student participation
A fear of public speaking is common
Loss of interest possible when a professor is speaking with an individual student
There is often no right answer
It’s sometimes difficult to handle the multiple responses for a given question
Further Learning
ARTICLE: Socratic Management Techniques for the Modern Leader
Tips for Using Socratic Questioning:
Plan significant questions that provide meaning and direction to the dialogue
Use wait time: Allow at least thirty seconds for students to respond
Follow up on students’ responses
Ask probing questions
Periodically summarize in writing key points that have been discussed
Draw as many students as possible into the discussion
Let students discover knowledge on their own through the probing questions the teacher
poses
Question Examples
Clarification Questions
What do you mean by…?
Could you put that another way?
What do you think is the main issue?
Could you give us an example?
Could you expand upon that point further?
Questions about an
initial question or issue
Why is this question important?
Is this question easy or difficult to answer?
Why do you think that?
What assumptions can we make based on this question?
Does this question lead to other important issues and questions?
Assumption Questions
What is
___
assuming here?
What could we assume instead?
You seem to be assuming
__
.
Socratic Questioning Example
Do I understand you correctly?
Reason and evidence
questions
What would be an example?
Why do you think this is true?
What other information do we need?
Could you explain your reason to us?
By what reasoning did you come to that conclusion?
Is there reason to doubt that evidence?
What led you to that belief?
Origin or source
questions
Is this your idea or did you hear if from some place else?
Have you always felt this way?
Has your opinion been influenced by something or someone?
Where did you get that idea?
What caused you to feel that way?
Implication and Consequence Questions
What effect would that have?
Could that really happen or probably happen?
What is an alternative?
What are you implying by that?
If that happened, what else would happen as a result?
Why?
Viewpoint Questions
How would other groups of people respond this question?
Why?
How could you answer the objection that
__
would make?
What might someone who believed
_
think?
What is an alternative?
How are
and
’s ideas alike? Different?
