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3.The French Revolution - Coggle Diagram
3.The French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of violent political and social change
The French Revolution began in 1789 and is considered to be the first European bourgeois revolution
3.1.THE CAUSES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
The French Revolution was caused by a combination of related factors.
The influence of the Enlightenment
The economic crisis
After the 1700 the price of the grain grew that was used to make bread so they peasants suffered hunger.
The social crisis
Political crisis
THE ESTATES GENERAL
Unequal representation
3.2.THE EVENTS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
In the face of increasing economic and political problems, Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General in 1789 in order to increase taxes. This meeting was the beginning of the French Revolution
The National Assembly
The Third Estate asked for a new voting system in which each representative would vote individually
The king refuse and formed the National Assembly
The king locked the National Assembly out of the Estates General, so they met at a tennis court nearby. They declared that they would not leave the tennis court until France had a constitution.
The Constituent Assembly
Finally, the king agreed to the Third Estate's demands. A new Constituent Assembly was formed to write a constitution
In 1791 the assembly approved the constitution, which established:
a constitutional monarchy, in which the powers of the monarch were limited by the constitution.
limited male suffrage – only men with a certain amount of property could vote.
the separation of powers – the monarch had executive power, the assembly had legislative power, and the courts had judicial power.
The Legislative Assembly
After the Constitution of 1791 had been adopted, there were elections for the new Legislative Assembly.
Two main political groups emerged.
The Girondins represented the interests of the wealthy bourgeoisie
The Jacobins represented the petite bourgeoisie
During this time France was under constant threat of invasion by Austria and Prussia. In response, France declared war on these countries in 1792.
Louis XVI was imprisoned, the monarchy was abolished and France became a republic.
The Convention
This was the most radical phase of the revolution. A new assembly called the Convention was elected with universal manhood suffrage.
In 1793 the Convention agreed to execute Louis XVI for treason and he was beheaded by guillotine
The Jacobins took control of the government and imposed a dictatorship known as the Terror
The Directory and the Consulate
The moderate deputies overthrew the Jacobins in 1794 and in 1795 they adopted a new constitution
In 1799 General Napoleon Bonaparte organised a military coup. He aimed to restore peace at home and abroad.
Napoleon established a new form of government called the Consulate