Hamstring strain or tear

Tests

Subjective

Objective

Research

Why this and nothing else

Differentials

Pathology

Treatment

MOI + sudden pain accompanied by a popping sound.

May be swelling immediately or more pain and swelling day after depending on severity.

Common in dynamic movement + contact sports. Usually as a result of quick eccentric contractions.

Gait Ax: may display shorter stride length, limp.

Palpation: Pain provocation may give indication to area/ head injured.

Observation: may be asymmetry, swelling clear deformity.

Track pain (VAS) and function (OM).

FASH (questionnaire OM).

Functional/Capacity testing.

Grade 1 = mild, pain and sensitivity usually day after. Rarely influences muscle power and endurance.

During end of swing phase hamstrings eccentrically contract to decelerate putting maximum tension on hamstrings.

Damage caused to the hamstring by rapid contraction or violent stretch. This can result in varying degrees of severity from a minor strain to full rupture.

Don't stretch right away, gentle ROM. Pain free ROM. Everyday 3x12.

Cross massage.

PRICE initally with strain.

BJoSM van Dyk et al 2019. Systematic review - Nordic hamstring reduced hamstring injuries by half.

Hamstring tendinitis.

Ischial bursitis.

Adductor strain.

Description and localisation of symptoms.

No other neuro like symptoms.

Clear link to MOI. Not insidious.

Grade 3 = Ranges from more than half to full rupture. Massive swelling and pain with significantly impacted with great weakness.

Grade 2 = Half fibers torn, acute pain, swelling and mild function loss. Impact on gait, pain reproduction on palpation and resisted flexion.

ROM likely impacted by pain on effected side, can measure when pain is felt. Could be normal too.

Range returned then progress to strengthening, eccentric focus.

Strength testing.

Aspetar hamstring protocol.